महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-22

अथर्वशिरसोऽध्येता ब्रह्मचारी यतव्रतः ।
सत्यवादी धर्मशीलः स्वकर्मनिरतश्च यः ॥२२॥

22. atharvaśiraso'dhyetā brahmacārī yatavrataḥ ,
satyavādī dharmaśīlaḥ svakarmanirataśca yaḥ.

22. atharva-śirasaḥ adhyetā brahmacārī yata-vrataḥ
satya-vādī dharma-śīlaḥ sva-karma-nirataḥ ca yaḥ

22. yaḥ atharva-śirasaḥ adhyetā brahmacārī yata-vrataḥ
satya-vādī dharma-śīlaḥ ca sva-karma-nirataḥ

22. And he who studies the Atharvaśiras (Upaniṣad), maintains celibacy (brahmacārī) and strict vows (vrata), speaks the truth, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is virtuous conduct, and who is dedicated to his prescribed duties (sva-karma).

Words meanings summery:

• अथर्व-शिरसः (atharva-śirasaḥ) - referring to a specific Upaniṣad associated with the Atharva Veda, mastery of which indicates deep philosophical and ritual knowledge (of the Atharvaśiras (Upaniṣad))

• अध्येता (adhyetā) - one who diligently studies and understands the Atharvaśiras Upaniṣad (a student, one who studies, recites)

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - an individual who maintains celibacy and dedicates himself to religious study, characteristic of the first stage of life (āśrama) (a student of sacred knowledge; one observing celibacy (brahmacarya))

• यत-व्रतः (yata-vrataḥ) - an individual who strictly adheres to his sacred vows and practices self-restraint (one who has restrained or controlled vows/observances)

• सत्य-वादी (satya-vādī) - highlighting the virtue of honesty and integrity in speech (a truth-speaker, one who speaks truth)

• धर्म-शीलः (dharma-śīlaḥ) - a person whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is defined by ethical and moral conduct, demonstrating inherent goodness (of righteous disposition, virtuous, upright)

• स्व-कर्म-निरतः (sva-karma-nirataḥ) - a person who diligently performs his specific prescribed duties (sva-karma) according to his station and stage of life, crucial for maintaining social order (dharma) (devoted to his own duties/actions (karma))

• च (ca) - connects the final quality in the list (and, also)

• यः (yaḥ) - relative pronoun, binding all the preceding qualities to the implied subject (Brahmin) (who, which)

Words meanings and morphology

अथर्व-शिरसः (atharva-śirasaḥ) - referring to a specific Upaniṣad associated with the Atharva Veda, mastery of which indicates deep philosophical and ritual knowledge (of the Atharvaśiras (Upaniṣad))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of atharva-śiras

atharva-śiras - the Atharvaśiras Upaniṣad; the head/essence of the Atharva Veda

Compound. `atharva` (Atharva Veda) + `śiras` (head, chief part, essence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (atharva+śiras)

• atharvan – the Atharva Veda; a class of priests or sages
  noun (masculine)
  Stem form in compounds.
• śiras – head, skull; chief, principal part, summit, essence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śri

अध्येता (adhyetā) - one who diligently studies and understands the Atharvaśiras Upaniṣad (a student, one who studies, recites)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhyetṛ

adhyetṛ - a student, reader, reciter, one who studies

Agent Noun

From root `i` (to go) with prefix `adhi` and suffix `tṛ`.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for `yaḥ`.

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - an individual who maintains celibacy and dedicates himself to religious study, characteristic of the first stage of life (āśrama) (a student of sacred knowledge; one observing celibacy (brahmacarya))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - a religious student, one who practices celibacy (brahmacarya); living in continence, chaste

Derived from `brahmacarya` (conduct pertaining to brahman (brahman)).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – sacred text, holy life, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh
• cārin – moving, going, practicing, performing; one who practices
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root `car` (to move, conduct).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

यत-व्रतः (yata-vrataḥ) - an individual who strictly adheres to his sacred vows and practices self-restraint (one who has restrained or controlled vows/observances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yata-vrata

yata-vrata - having vows under control, observant of vows

Compound. `yata` (restrained, controlled) + `vrata` (vow, observance).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yata+vrata)

• yata – restrained, controlled, self-controlled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `yam` (to hold, restrain).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective.

सत्य-वादी (satya-vādī) - highlighting the virtue of honesty and integrity in speech (a truth-speaker, one who speaks truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satya-vādin

satya-vādin - speaking the truth, truthful

Agent Noun

Compound. `satya` (truth) + `vādin` (speaker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real, honest
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  From `sat` (being, existing).
  Root: as (class 2)
• vādin – speaking, declaring, stating; a speaker, one who says
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root `vad` (to speak).
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

धर्म-शीलः (dharma-śīlaḥ) - a person whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is defined by ethical and moral conduct, demonstrating inherent goodness (of righteous disposition, virtuous, upright)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-śīla

dharma-śīla - whose natural law (dharma) is good conduct, virtuous, righteous, upright

Compound. `dharma` (righteousness, duty) + `śīla` (nature, character, conduct).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+śīla)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), constitution (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty, sacred law
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• śīla – nature, character, habit, conduct, disposition, virtue
  noun (neuter)
  From root śīl (to meditate, practice).
  Root: śīl (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

स्व-कर्म-निरतः (sva-karma-nirataḥ) - a person who diligently performs his specific prescribed duties (sva-karma) according to his station and stage of life, crucial for maintaining social order (dharma) (devoted to his own duties/actions (karma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sva-karma-nirata

sva-karma-nirata - devoted to one's own work or duties (karma)

Past Passive Participle (nirata)

Compound. `sva-karma` (one's own work) + `nirata` (engaged in, devoted to).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma+nirata)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun/adjective
  Reflexive possessive pronoun.
• karma – action (karma), deed, work, duty
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• nirata – engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in, attached to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ram` (to delight, stop) with prefix `nir`.
  Prefix: nir
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

च (ca) - connects the final quality in the list (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यः (yaḥ) - relative pronoun, binding all the preceding qualities to the implied subject (Brahmin) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the relative clause.