महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-19

वेदविद्याव्रतस्नाता ब्राह्मणाः सर्व एव हि ।
पाङ्क्तेयान्यांस्तु वक्ष्यामि ज्ञेयास्ते पङ्क्तिपावनाः ॥१९॥

19. vedavidyāvratasnātā brāhmaṇāḥ sarva eva hi ,
pāṅkteyānyāṁstu vakṣyāmi jñeyāste paṅktipāvanāḥ.

19. veda-vidyā-vrata-snātāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ sarva eva hi
pāṅkteyān anyān tu vakṣyāmi jñeyāḥ te paṅkti-pāvanāḥ

19. hi sarva brāhmaṇāḥ veda-vidyā-vrata-snātāḥ eva tu
anyān pāṅkteyān te paṅkti-pāvanāḥ jñeyāḥ vakṣyāmi

19. Indeed, all brahmins are those who have completed their Vedic studies and sacred observances (vrata). However, I will now speak of others who are to be recognized as worthy guests at a ceremonial meal and purifiers of the assembly.

Words meanings summery:

• वेद-विद्या-व्रत-स्नाताः (veda-vidyā-vrata-snātāḥ) - those who have fulfilled their student vows and studies of the Vedas, indicating full qualification as a Brahmin (those who have completed (bathed after) Vedic study and vows)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - members of the priestly class, traditionally responsible for Vedic learning and rituals (Brahmins)

• सर्व (sarva) - serving as an intensifier, emphasizing "all" brahmins (all, every, whole)

• एव (eva) - an emphatic particle, intensifying the preceding statement (indeed, only, certainly, just)

• हि (hi) - an emphatic particle, emphasizing the truth of the statement (for, because, indeed, surely)

• पाङ्क्तेयान् (pāṅkteyān) - those fit to be seated in a row for a ceremonial meal (like śrāddha), implying their purity and worthiness (worthy of a row/assembly; fit to be invited to a communal meal)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other individuals beyond the category of Brahmins previously mentioned (others, different ones)

• तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or a new point in the discourse (but, on the other hand, however)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - the speaker (Manu) states his intention to describe certain qualities (I will speak, I will declare)

• ज्ञेयाः (jñeyāḥ) - these (the others mentioned) should be considered as, or recognized as, having the qualities of purifiers (to be known, to be recognized, should be known)

• ते (te) - refers to the "others" (anyān) previously mentioned, who are to be described (they, those)

• पङ्क्ति-पावनाः (paṅkti-pāvanāḥ) - individuals whose presence at a ceremonial meal purifies the entire gathering or row of guests (purifiers of the row/assembly)

Words meanings and morphology

वेद-विद्या-व्रत-स्नाताः (veda-vidyā-vrata-snātāḥ) - those who have fulfilled their student vows and studies of the Vedas, indicating full qualification as a Brahmin (those who have completed (bathed after) Vedic study and vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda-vidyā-vrata-snāta

veda-vidyā-vrata-snāta - one who has completed Vedic study and observances; bathed after Vedic study and vows

Past Passive Participle (snāta)

Compound adjective, where 'snāta' (bathed/completed) modifies the person, referring to the completion of 'veda-vidyā-vrata'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (veda+vidyā+vrata+snāta)

• veda – sacred knowledge, the Vedas
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, study
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)
• snāta – bathed, purified, completed (of a vow or study)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root snā (to bathe)
  Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇāḥ'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - members of the priestly class, traditionally responsible for Vedic learning and rituals (Brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class; related to brahman (brahman)

Derived from `brahman` (brahman)

Note: Subject of the first part of the sentence.

सर्व (sarva) - serving as an intensifier, emphasizing "all" brahmins (all, every, whole)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially with `eva` to mean "all indeed" or "certainly all".

एव (eva) - an emphatic particle, intensifying the preceding statement (indeed, only, certainly, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

हि (hi) - an emphatic particle, emphasizing the truth of the statement (for, because, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing cause, emphasis, or affirmation.

पाङ्क्तेयान् (pāṅkteyān) - those fit to be seated in a row for a ceremonial meal (like śrāddha), implying their purity and worthiness (worthy of a row/assembly; fit to be invited to a communal meal)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṅkteya

pāṅkteya - one who is worthy of a 'paṅkti' (row or assembly), especially fit to be invited to a śrāddha meal; a worthy guest

Derived from `paṅkti` (row, assembly) with suffix `ey`

Note: Object of `vakṣyāmi`, along with `anyān`.

अन्यान् (anyān) - other individuals beyond the category of Brahmins previously mentioned (others, different ones)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Object of `vakṣyāmi`.

तु (tu) - introduces a contrast or a new point in the discourse (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction expressing antithesis or continuation.

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - the speaker (Manu) states his intention to describe certain qualities (I will speak, I will declare)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (ḷr̥ṭ) of vac

Future Tense, Active Voice

Root vac (ब्रू), class 2/3.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The implied subject is "I" (the speaker/author).

ज्ञेयाः (jñeyāḥ) - these (the others mentioned) should be considered as, or recognized as, having the qualities of purifiers (to be known, to be recognized, should be known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñeya

jñeya - knowable, to be known, to be understood, recognizable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `te` (they).

ते (te) - refers to the "others" (anyān) previously mentioned, who are to be described (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the clause "they are to be recognized".

पङ्क्ति-पावनाः (paṅkti-pāvanāḥ) - individuals whose presence at a ceremonial meal purifies the entire gathering or row of guests (purifiers of the row/assembly)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṅkti-pāvana

paṅkti-pāvana - purifiers of the row/assembly

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṅkti+pāvana)

• paṅkti – row, line, assembly, company (especially of persons invited to a feast)
  noun (feminine)
• pāvana – purifying, purificatory; a purifier
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root pū (to purify) with suffix -ana.
  Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for `te`.