महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-26

ये चेतिहासं प्रयताः श्रावयन्ति द्विजोत्तमान् ।
ये च भाष्यविदः केचिद्ये च व्याकरणे रताः ॥२६॥

26. ye cetihāsaṁ prayatāḥ śrāvayanti dvijottamān ,
ye ca bhāṣyavidaḥ kecidye ca vyākaraṇe ratāḥ.

26. ye ca itihāsam prayatāḥ śrāvayanti dvijottamān
ye ca bhāṣyavidaḥ kecit ye ca vyākaraṇe ratāḥ

26. ye ca prayatāḥ itihāsam dvijottamān śrāvayanti
ye ca kecit bhāṣyavidaḥ ye ca vyākaraṇe ratāḥ

26. And those who diligently narrate the epic (itihāsa) to the most eminent Brahmins, and some who are experts in commentaries, and those who are devoted to grammar.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - the epic (itihāsa) (epic, history, legend)

• प्रयताः (prayatāḥ) - with great effort, diligently (diligent, restrained, striving, pure)

• श्रावयन्ति (śrāvayanti) - cause to hear, recite (they cause to hear, they recite, they proclaim)

• द्विजोत्तमान् (dvijottamān) - to the most eminent Brahmins (to the best of the twice-born, to the most excellent Brahmins)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• भाष्यविदः (bhāṣyavidaḥ) - knowers of commentaries (knowers of commentaries, experts in exegesis)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (some, anyone)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe) - in grammar (in grammar, in analysis)

• रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted (engaged, devoted, delighted, pleased)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the clauses.

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - the epic (itihāsa) (epic, history, legend)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, tradition, legend, epic narrative

Note: Object of 'śrāvayanti'.

प्रयताः (prayatāḥ) - with great effort, diligently (diligent, restrained, striving, pure)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayatā

prayatā - diligent, striving, restrained, pure, attentive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √yat (to strive) with pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'.

श्रावयन्ति (śrāvayanti) - cause to hear, recite (they cause to hear, they recite, they proclaim)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śrāvaya

Causative

Causative form of √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

द्विजोत्तमान् (dvijottamān) - to the most eminent Brahmins (to the best of the twice-born, to the most excellent Brahmins)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvijottama

dvijottama - best of the twice-born (dvija), most excellent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, a Kṣatriya, a Vaiśya; also a bird, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Recipient of the action of 'śrāvayanti'.

ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the clauses.

भाष्यविदः (bhāṣyavidaḥ) - knowers of commentaries (knowers of commentaries, experts in exegesis)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāṣyavid

bhāṣyavid - knower of commentaries, expert in explanations

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāṣya+vid)

• bhāṣya – commentary, explanation, discourse
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from √bhāṣ (to speak)
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, understanding, a knower
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ye kecit'.

केचित् (kecit) - some (some, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - some, anyone, a certain one

Formed from ka (who) + cid (indefinite particle)

Note: Agrees with 'ye' and 'bhāṣyavidaḥ'.

ये (ye) - those who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the clauses.

व्याकरणे (vyākaraṇe) - in grammar (in grammar, in analysis)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyākaraṇa

vyākaraṇa - grammar, analysis, explanation

Derived from √kṛ (to do, to make) with vi-ā-

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Locative case, indicating the field of engagement.

रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted (engaged, devoted, delighted, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, engaged in, devoted to

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ram (to delight, to sport)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye'.