महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-17

यावद्ध्यपङ्क्त्यः पङ्क्त्यां वै भुञ्जानाननुपश्यति ।
तावत्फलाद्भ्रंशयति दातारं तस्य बालिशम् ॥१७॥

17. yāvaddhyapaṅktyaḥ paṅktyāṁ vai bhuñjānānanupaśyati ,
tāvatphalādbhraṁśayati dātāraṁ tasya bāliśam.

17. yāvat hi apaṅktyaḥ paṅktyām vai bhuñjānān anupaśyati
tāvat phalāt bhraṃśayati dātāram tasya bāliśam

17. yāvat hi apaṅktyaḥ vai paṅktyām bhuñjānān anupaśyati
tāvat tasya bāliśam dātāram phalāt bhraṃśayati

17. Indeed, as long as an individual unfit for the ritual row sees those who are eating in it, for so long does he deprive that foolish patron of the merit of his offering.

Words meanings summery:

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, as much as

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अपङ्क्त्यः (apaṅktyaḥ) - an individual unfit for the ritual row (unfit for the row, not included in the row)

• पङ्क्त्याम् (paṅktyām) - in the ritual row (in the row, in the assembly)

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

• भुञ्जानान् (bhuñjānān) - those who are eating

• अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - he sees, he observes

• तावत् (tāvat) - so long, so far, so much

• फलात् (phalāt) - from the merit of his offering (from the fruit, from the result/merit)

• भ्रंशयति (bhraṁśayati) - he causes to fall, he deprives

• दातारम् (dātāram) - the giver, the patron

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• बालिशम् (bāliśam) - foolish, ignorant, childlike

Words meanings and morphology

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, as much as

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अपङ्क्त्यः (apaṅktyaḥ) - an individual unfit for the ritual row (unfit for the row, not included in the row)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaṅktya

apaṅktya - unfit for a row of diners, not to be included in a ritual line, unworthy of sharing the same plate/food

Compound formed with negative prefix 'a' and paṅktya

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+paṅktya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• paṅktya – belonging to a row, fit for a row, worthy of a meal in a row
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from paṅkti (row) with suffix -ya

पङ्क्त्याम् (paṅktyām) - in the ritual row (in the row, in the assembly)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of paṅkti

paṅkti - row, line, array, assembly, sacred line for ritual meals

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly

(indeclinable)

भुञ्जानान् (bhuñjānān) - those who are eating

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhuñjāna

bhuñjāna - eating, enjoying, consuming

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

Present participle of root √bhuj (to eat, enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - he sees, he observes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anupaś

Present Active

Root √paś (to see) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś/paś (class 1)

तावत् (tāvat) - so long, so far, so much

(indeclinable)

फलात् (phalāt) - from the merit of his offering (from the fruit, from the result/merit)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, merit

भ्रंशयति (bhraṁśayati) - he causes to fall, he deprives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhraṃśay

Causative Present Active

Causative form of root √bhraṃś (to fall, deviate)

Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

दातारम् (dātāram) - the giver, the patron

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dātṛ

dātṛ - giver, donor, patron

Agent noun

Derived from root √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बालिशम् (bāliśam) - foolish, ignorant, childlike

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāliśa

bāliśa - foolish, ignorant, childish, stupid