महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-90, verse-10
श्वभिर्यश्च परिक्रामेद्यः शुना दष्ट एव च ।
परिवित्तिश्च यश्च स्याद्दुश्चर्मा गुरुतल्पगः ।
कुशीलवो देवलको नक्षत्रैर्यश्च जीवति ॥१०॥
परिवित्तिश्च यश्च स्याद्दुश्चर्मा गुरुतल्पगः ।
कुशीलवो देवलको नक्षत्रैर्यश्च जीवति ॥१०॥
10. śvabhiryaśca parikrāmedyaḥ śunā daṣṭa eva ca ,
parivittiśca yaśca syādduścarmā gurutalpagaḥ ,
kuśīlavo devalako nakṣatrairyaśca jīvati.
parivittiśca yaśca syādduścarmā gurutalpagaḥ ,
kuśīlavo devalako nakṣatrairyaśca jīvati.
10.
śvabhiḥ yaḥ ca parikrāmēt yaḥ śunā
daṣṭaḥ eva ca parivittiḥ ca yaḥ ca
syāt duścarma gurutalpagaḥ kuśīlavaḥ
devalakaḥ nakṣatraiḥ yaḥ ca jīvati
daṣṭaḥ eva ca parivittiḥ ca yaḥ ca
syāt duścarma gurutalpagaḥ kuśīlavaḥ
devalakaḥ nakṣatraiḥ yaḥ ca jīvati
10.
śvabhiḥ yaḥ ca parikrāmēt yaḥ śunā
daṣṭaḥ eva ca parivittiḥ ca yaḥ ca
syāt duścarma gurutalpagaḥ kuśīlavaḥ
devalakaḥ nakṣatraiḥ yaḥ ca jīvati
daṣṭaḥ eva ca parivittiḥ ca yaḥ ca
syāt duścarma gurutalpagaḥ kuśīlavaḥ
devalakaḥ nakṣatraiḥ yaḥ ca jīvati
10.
And one who wanders with dogs, and also one who has been bitten by a dog; and a 'parivitti' (a younger brother married before his elder brother); one with a skin disease; one who violates the (guru's) teacher's bed; an actor; a temple priest; and one who lives by astrology.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - with dogs (by/with dogs)
- यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
- च (ca) - and, also
- परिक्रामेत् (parikrāmēt) - (one who) wanders (may wander, should wander)
- यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
- शुना (śunā) - by a dog
- दष्टः (daṣṭaḥ) - bitten
- एव (eva) - also, too (indeed, only, just)
- च (ca) - and, also
- परिवित्तिः (parivittiḥ) - a younger brother who marries before his elder brother
- च (ca) - and, also
- यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
- च (ca) - and, also
- स्यात् (syāt) - (one who) is (may be, should be)
- दुश्चर्म (duścarma) - one with a skin disease (having bad skin, suffering from a skin disease)
- गुरुतल्पगः (gurutalpagaḥ) - one who violates the (guru's) teacher's bed (one who violates the guru's bed (commits incest with guru's wife), a grave sinner)
- कुशीलवः (kuśīlavaḥ) - an actor, a bard, an entertainer
- देवलकः (devalakaḥ) - a temple priest, one who serves an idol for money
- नक्षत्रैः (nakṣatraiḥ) - by astrology (by stars, by constellations)
- यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
- च (ca) - and, also
- जीवति (jīvati) - lives by, earns a living from (lives, subsists)
Words meanings and morphology
श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - with dogs (by/with dogs)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvan
śvan - dog
यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
relative pronoun
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
conjunction
परिक्रामेत् (parikrāmēt) - (one who) wanders (may wander, should wander)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parikram
Optative Active
derived from root 'kram' (to step, go) with upasarga 'pari'
Prefix: pari
Root: kram (class 1)
यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
relative pronoun
शुना (śunā) - by a dog
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śvan
śvan - dog
दष्टः (daṣṭaḥ) - bitten
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṣṭa
daṣṭa - bitten, stung, afflicted
Past Passive Particatiaple
derived from root 'daṃś' (to bite)
Root: daṃś (class 1)
एव (eva) - also, too (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
particle
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
conjunction
परिवित्तिः (parivittiḥ) - a younger brother who marries before his elder brother
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parivitti
parivitti - a younger brother who marries or kindles the sacred fire before his elder brother (considered a sin)
derived from 'pari' (around) + root 'vid' (to find, obtain) with suffix 'ktin'
Prefix: pari
Root: vid (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
conjunction
यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
relative pronoun
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
conjunction
स्यात् (syāt) - (one who) is (may be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
Optative Active
derived from root 'as' (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
दुश्चर्म (duścarma) - one with a skin disease (having bad skin, suffering from a skin disease)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duścarman
duścarman - having bad skin, suffering from a repulsive skin disease
derived from 'dus' (bad) and 'carman' (skin)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+carman)
- dus – bad, difficult, ill-
indeclinable
prefix - carman – skin, hide
noun (neuter)
Root: cṛ (class 6)
Note: Functions as a noun here.
गुरुतल्पगः (gurutalpagaḥ) - one who violates the (guru's) teacher's bed (one who violates the guru's bed (commits incest with guru's wife), a grave sinner)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gurutalpaga
gurutalpaga - one who goes to the guru's bed, i.e., one who commits incest with the guru's wife (a 'mahāpātaka' or great sin)
derived from 'guru' (teacher) + 'talpa' (bed) + 'ga' (goer)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+talpa+ga)
- guru – teacher, preceptor, heavy
noun (masculine)
Root: gṝ (class 1) - talpa – bed, couch
noun (masculine)
Root: tṛp (class 4) - ga – going, moving, a goer
adjective (masculine)
agent noun
derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'ḍa'
Root: gam (class 1)
कुशीलवः (kuśīlavaḥ) - an actor, a bard, an entertainer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśīlava
kuśīlava - an actor, a dancer, a singer, a bard, a jester, an entertainer (often regarded as a low profession)
derived from 'kuśīla' (bad conduct) or 'kuśīla' (proper name, legendary figure)
देवलकः (devalakaḥ) - a temple priest, one who serves an idol for money
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of devalaka
devalaka - a temple priest, one who makes a living by serving an idol (often considered undesirable for a Brahmin to perform for pay)
derived from 'devala' (a sage) or 'deva' (god) + suffix 'ka'
नक्षत्रैः (nakṣatraiḥ) - by astrology (by stars, by constellations)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of nakṣatra
nakṣatra - star, constellation, lunar mansion, a particular division of the ecliptic
Root: nakṣ (class 1)
यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
relative pronoun
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
conjunction
जीवति (jīvati) - lives by, earns a living from (lives, subsists)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv
Present Active Indicative
derived from root 'jīv' (to live)
Root: jīv (class 1)