महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-13

यद्वेष्टितशिरा भुङ्क्ते यद्भुङ्क्ते दक्षिणामुखः ।
सोपानत्कश्च यद्भुङ्क्ते सर्वं विद्यात्तदासुरम् ॥१३॥

13. yadveṣṭitaśirā bhuṅkte yadbhuṅkte dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ ,
sopānatkaśca yadbhuṅkte sarvaṁ vidyāttadāsuram.

13. yat veṣṭitaśirāḥ bhuṅkte yat bhuṅkte dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ
sa upānatkaḥ ca yat bhuṅkte sarvam vidyāt tat āsuram

13. yat veṣṭitaśirāḥ bhuṅkte,
yat dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ bhuṅkte,
ca yat sa upānatkaḥ bhuṅkte,
sarvam tat āsuram vidyāt.

13. Whatever one eats with a covered head, whatever one eats facing south, and whatever one eats wearing shoes—one should know all that to be of a demonic nature.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

• वेष्टितशिराः (veṣṭitaśirāḥ) - one whose head is covered

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

• यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

• दक्षिणामुखः (dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ) - facing south

• स (sa) - he, that person

• उपानत्कः (upānatkaḥ) - wearing shoes/sandals

• च (ca) - and

• यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know

• तत् (tat) - that

• आसुरम् (āsuram) - demonic, belonging to asuras

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

वेष्टितशिराः (veṣṭitaśirāḥ) - one whose head is covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of veṣṭitaśiras

veṣṭitaśiras - having a covered head

Compound type : bahuvrihi (veṣṭita+śiras)

• veṣṭita – covered, wrapped, encircled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'veṣṭ' (to wrap, to cover).
  Root: veṣṭ (class 1)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

दक्षिणामुखः (dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ) - facing south

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dakṣiṇāmukha

dakṣiṇāmukha - south-facing, facing south

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dakṣiṇā+mukha)

• dakṣiṇā – south, right side
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front, direction
  noun (neuter)

स (sa) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Original form 'so' becomes 'sa' before non-sibilant consonants when sandhi is undone.

उपानत्कः (upānatkaḥ) - wearing shoes/sandals

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upānatka

upānatka - wearing shoes or sandals

Derived from 'upānah' (shoe) with the 'ka' suffix for possession.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - that which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats, he enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आसुरम् (āsuram) - demonic, belonging to asuras

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsura

āsura - demonic, relating to asuras; a demon

Derived from 'asura' (demon) with the suffix 'a'.