महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-58, verse-17

विद्यास्नाता व्रतस्नाता ये व्यपाश्रित्यजीविनः ।
गूढस्वाध्यायतपसो ब्राह्मणाः संशितव्रताः ॥१७॥

17. vidyāsnātā vratasnātā ye vyapāśrityajīvinaḥ ,
gūḍhasvādhyāyatapaso brāhmaṇāḥ saṁśitavratāḥ.

17. vidyāsnātāḥ vratasnātāḥ ye vyapāśrityajīvinaḥ
gūḍhasvādhyāyatapasaḥ brāhmaṇāḥ saṃśitavratāḥ

17. Those brāhmaṇas who have completed their studies ('bathed in learning') and fulfilled their vows ('bathed in vows'), who live by relying on others, whose sacred study and asceticism (tapas) are kept secret, and whose vows are firm.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्यास्नाताः (vidyāsnātāḥ) - bathed in learning, completed learning

• व्रतस्नाताः (vratasnātāḥ) - bathed in vows, completed vows/religious observances

• ये (ye) - who (masculine plural)

• व्यपाश्रित्यजीविनः (vyapāśrityajīvinaḥ) - those who live by depending on others, dependent for livelihood

• गूढस्वाध्यायतपसः (gūḍhasvādhyāyatapasaḥ) - whose sacred study (svādhyāya) and asceticism (tapas) are concealed/secret

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas, members of the priestly class

• संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - whose vows are sharpened/firm, firm in vows

Words meanings and morphology

विद्यास्नाताः (vidyāsnātāḥ) - bathed in learning, completed learning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidyāsnāta

vidyāsnāta - one who has bathed in learning (i.e., completed studies)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidyā+snāta)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
• snāta – bathed, purified, one who has completed a course of study (referring to the ceremonial bath at its conclusion)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root snā (to bathe)
  Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇāḥ.

व्रतस्नाताः (vratasnātāḥ) - bathed in vows, completed vows/religious observances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vratasnāta

vratasnāta - one who has bathed in vows (i.e., completed ascetic observances)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vrata+snāta)

• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)
• snāta – bathed, purified, one who has completed a course of observance
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root snā (to bathe)
  Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇāḥ.

ये (ye) - who (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to brāhmaṇāḥ.

व्यपाश्रित्यजीविनः (vyapāśrityajīvinaḥ) - those who live by depending on others, dependent for livelihood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyapāśrityajīvin

vyapāśrityajīvin - living by dependence, subsisting on support

Compound type : tatpurusha (vyapāśritya+jīvin)

• vyapāśritya – having taken refuge in, depending on, relying upon
  indeclinable (absolutive)
  Absolutive (Gerund)
  Root śri (to resort to) with prefixes vi and apā
  Prefixes: vi+apā
  Root: śri (class 1)
• jīvin – living, existing, one who lives, a livelihood
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇāḥ.

गूढस्वाध्यायतपसः (gūḍhasvādhyāyatapasaḥ) - whose sacred study (svādhyāya) and asceticism (tapas) are concealed/secret

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gūḍhasvādhyāyatapas

gūḍhasvādhyāyatapas - one whose private sacred study and asceticism are hidden

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gūḍha+svādhyāya+tapas)

• gūḍha – hidden, concealed, secret
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root guh (to hide)
  Root: guh (class 1)
• svādhyāya – self-study, sacred study (especially of the Vedas)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: su
• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat, religious austerity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇāḥ.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brāhmaṇa, belonging to the brāhmaṇa caste

Note: Main subject of the sentence.

संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - whose vows are sharpened/firm, firm in vows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - one whose vows are firmly established, strict in religious observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute, fully accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śā/śi (to sharpen, whet) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śi (class 2)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies brāhmaṇāḥ.