महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-58, verse-11

कृशाय ह्रीमते तात वृत्तिक्षीणाय सीदते ।
अपहन्यात्क्षुधं यस्तु न तेन पुरुषः समः ॥११॥

11. kṛśāya hrīmate tāta vṛttikṣīṇāya sīdate ,
apahanyātkṣudhaṁ yastu na tena puruṣaḥ samaḥ.

11. kṛśāya hrīmate tāta vṛttikṣīṇāya sīdate yaḥ
tu kṣudham apahanyāt na tena puruṣaḥ samaḥ

11. tāta yaḥ kṛśāya hrīmate vṛttikṣīṇāya sīdate
kṣudham apahanyāt tena puruṣaḥ na samaḥ

11. O dear one, there is no man equal to him who would relieve the hunger of a weak, modest individual whose means of livelihood are exhausted and who is suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• कृशाय (kṛśāya) - to a weak, thin, emaciated one

• ह्रीमते (hrīmate) - to a modest, shy, bashful one

• तात (tāta) - Address to a younger or beloved person, "O dear one". (O father, O dear one, O son)

• वृत्तिक्षीणाय (vṛttikṣīṇāya) - to one whose livelihood is diminished/exhausted

• सीदते (sīdate) - to one who is sinking, distressed, suffering

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• क्षुधम् (kṣudham) - hunger, appetite

• अपहन्यात् (apahanyāt) - he should remove, he may remove, he would remove

• न (na) - not, no

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

• समः (samaḥ) - equal, similar, same

Words meanings and morphology

कृशाय (kṛśāya) - to a weak, thin, emaciated one

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - weak, thin, emaciated, lean

Note: Dative case of recipient.

ह्रीमते (hrīmate) - to a modest, shy, bashful one

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of hrīmat

hrīmat - modest, shy, bashful, possessing modesty

Possessive adjective formed from 'hrī' (modesty) + '-mat' suffix.

Note: Dative case of recipient, agreeing with kṛśāya.

तात (tāta) - Address to a younger or beloved person, "O dear one". (O father, O dear one, O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son (term of endearment, often used in address)

वृत्तिक्षीणाय (vṛttikṣīṇāya) - to one whose livelihood is diminished/exhausted

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of vṛttikṣīṇa

vṛttikṣīṇa - one whose means of livelihood is exhausted or diminished

Compound of 'vṛtti' (livelihood) + 'kṣīṇa' (exhausted).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtti+kṣīṇa)

• vṛtti – livelihood, conduct, occupation, existence
  noun (feminine)
  From root √vṛt 'to be, to exist, to turn'.
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• kṣīṇa – exhausted, wasted, diminished, thin
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṣi 'to waste, decay, perish'.
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Dative case of recipient, agreeing with kṛśāya.

सीदते (sīdate) - to one who is sinking, distressed, suffering

(nominal form)

Dative, masculine, singular of √sad

√sad - to sit, to sink, to be distressed, to become dejected

Present Active Participle

From root √sad 'to sit, to sink' (1st class), here in dative singular, agreeing with kṛśāya.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Dative case of recipient, agreeing with kṛśāya.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the subject of 'apahanyāt'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

क्षुधम् (kṣudham) - hunger, appetite

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite, desire for food

Note: Object of 'apahanyāt'.

अपहन्यात् (apahanyāt) - he should remove, he may remove, he would remove

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √han

Optative Active

From root √han 'to strike, kill' (2nd class) with prefix 'apa-'.

Prefix: apa

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses potential or injunction.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ', used in instrumental case for comparison.

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

समः (samaḥ) - equal, similar, same

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, similar, even

Note: Predicative adjective.