महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-52, verse-32

अविशङ्कश्च कुशिकस्तथेत्याह स धर्मवित् ।
न प्रबोधयतां तं च तौ तदा रजनीक्षये ॥३२॥

32. aviśaṅkaśca kuśikastathetyāha sa dharmavit ,
na prabodhayatāṁ taṁ ca tau tadā rajanīkṣaye.

32. aviśaṅkaḥ ca kuśikaḥ tathā iti āha saḥ dharmavit
na prabodhayatām tam ca tau tadā rajanīkṣaye

32. ca aviśaṅkaḥ saḥ dharmavit kuśikaḥ tathā iti
āha ca tau tadā rajanīkṣaye tam na prabodhayatām

32. And King Kuśika, without hesitation, replied, 'So be it,' for he was a knower of natural law (dharma). And accordingly, those two did not awaken him then, even at the breaking of dawn.

Words meanings summery:

• अविशङ्कः (aviśaṅkaḥ) - without any hesitation (unafraid, fearless, without doubt/hesitation)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कुशिकः (kuśikaḥ) - King Kuśika (Kuśika (name of a king, father of Viśvāmitra))

• तथा (tathā) - "so be it" (referring to agreement) (so, thus, in that manner)

• इति (iti) - indicating the end of the direct speech (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

• आह (āha) - he said (in reply) (he said, he spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - he (King Kuśika) (he, that)

• धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - one who understands natural law (knower of dharma, righteous, wise)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्रबोधयताम् (prabodhayatām) - they did not awaken (him) (let them awaken, they awakened not)

• तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तौ (tau) - the king and his wife (those two, they two)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (when the night ended) (then, at that time)

• रजनीक्षये (rajanīkṣaye) - when the night was over (at the end of the night, at dawn)

Words meanings and morphology

अविशङ्कः (aviśaṅkaḥ) - without any hesitation (unafraid, fearless, without doubt/hesitation)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aviśaṅka

aviśaṅka - unafraid, fearless, without doubt, unhesitating

negation a- of viśaṅka (doubtful, afraid)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+viśaṅka)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• viśaṅka – doubtful, afraid, hesitant
  adjective (masculine)
  from root śaṅk (to doubt) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

conjunctive particle

कुशिकः (kuśikaḥ) - King Kuśika (Kuśika (name of a king, father of Viśvāmitra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśika

kuśika - name of a king, father of Viśvāmitra

तथा (tathā) - "so be it" (referring to agreement) (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in the idiom 'tathā iti' meaning 'so be it' or 'yes'.

इति (iti) - indicating the end of the direct speech (thus, so, indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

आह (āha) - he said (in reply) (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

perfect 3rd singular

Perfect tense of root ah

Root: ah (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (King Kuśika) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - one who understands natural law (knower of dharma, righteous, wise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit

dharmavit - knower of dharma, righteous

compound of dharma (natural law) and vid (knowing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

negative particle

प्रबोधयताम् (prabodhayatām) - they did not awaken (him) (let them awaken, they awakened not)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-bodh

causative 3rd dual imperative

Causative of root budh (to wake) with prefix pra-, 3rd dual imperative ending

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Used narratively to describe a completed action in the past, implying adherence to the sage's instruction.

तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

conjunctive particle

तौ (tau) - the king and his wife (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Kuśika and his wife.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (when the night ended) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

from tad (that) with suffix -dā

रजनीक्षये (rajanīkṣaye) - when the night was over (at the end of the night, at dawn)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rajanīkṣaya

rajanīkṣaya - end of night, dawn

compound of rajanī (night) and kṣaya (end)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rajanī+kṣaya)

• rajanī – night
  noun (feminine)
  Root: raj
• kṣaya – end, destruction, decay
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṣi (to waste away)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)