महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-52, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
संशयो मे महाप्राज्ञ सुमहान्सागरोपमः ।
तन्मे शृणु महाबाहो श्रुत्वा चाख्यातुमर्हसि ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
saṁśayo me mahāprājña sumahānsāgaropamaḥ ,
tanme śṛṇu mahābāho śrutvā cākhyātumarhasi.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca saṃśayaḥ me mahāprājña sumahān
sāgaropamaḥ tat me śṛṇu mahābāho śrutvā ca ākhyātum arhasi

1. Yudhishthira said: O greatly wise one, I have a very great doubt, which is like an ocean. Therefore, O mighty-armed one, please listen to it from me, and having heard it, you should explain it.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas, speaking (Yudhishthira (a proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (said, spoke)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - Yudhishthira's doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

• मे (me) - My doubt (my, to me, for me)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Addressing the greatly wise interlocutor (O greatly wise one)

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - The doubt is very great (very great, immense)

• सागरोपमः (sāgaropamaḥ) - The doubt is compared to an ocean due to its vastness (ocean-like, comparable to an ocean)

• तत् (tat) - Therefore, regarding that (doubt) (that, therefore)

• मे (me) - Listen to it from me (to me, from me)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - Listen to my doubt (listen, hear)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - Addressing the powerful interlocutor (Bhishma) (O mighty-armed one)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - After listening to the doubt (having heard)

• च (ca) - And having heard it (and)

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - You ought to explain it (to explain, to narrate)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - You are worthy of explaining it (you ought, you are able)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas, speaking (Yudhishthira (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle; a proper name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  indeclinable
  Locative case form of 'yudh' (battle), used adverbially in compounds
• sthira – firm, stable, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root Sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Root vac + reduplication + ending

Root: vac (class 2)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - Yudhishthira's doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From sam- + śī (to lie, to doubt)

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

मे (me) - My doubt (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Addressing the greatly wise interlocutor (O greatly wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra-jñā (to know well)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - The doubt is very great (very great, immense)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, enormous

Su (intensive prefix) + mahat (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

सागरोपमः (sāgaropamaḥ) - The doubt is compared to an ocean due to its vastness (ocean-like, comparable to an ocean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāgaropama

sāgaropama - ocean-like, comparable to an ocean

Compound type : upapada (sāgara+upama)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• upama – comparison, resemblance, simile
  adjective (masculine)
  From upa-mā (to compare)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

तत् (tat) - Therefore, regarding that (doubt) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मे (me) - Listen to it from me (to me, from me)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

शृणु (śṛṇu) - Listen to my doubt (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active

Root śru, 5th class, imperative active 2nd singular

Root: śru (class 5)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - Addressing the powerful interlocutor (Bhishma) (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - After listening to the doubt (having heard)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Root śru + tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - And having heard it (and)

(indeclinable)

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - You ought to explain it (to explain, to narrate)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

ā + khyā + tum suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - You are worthy of explaining it (you ought, you are able)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

Root arh, 1st class, present active 2nd singular

Root: arh (class 1)