महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-52, verse-13

भीष्म उवाच ।
अथासनमुपादाय च्यवनस्य महामुनेः ।
कुशिको भार्यया सार्धमाजगाम यतो मुनिः ॥१३॥

13. bhīṣma uvāca ,
athāsanamupādāya cyavanasya mahāmuneḥ ,
kuśiko bhāryayā sārdhamājagāma yato muniḥ.

13. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atha āsanam upādāya cyavanasya
mahāmuneḥ kuśikaḥ bhāryayā sārdham ājagāma yataḥ muniḥ

13. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
atha kuśikaḥ bhāryayā sārdham yataḥ mahāmuneḥ cyavanasya muniḥ āsanam upādāya ājagāma.

13. Bhīṣma said: Then, after the great sage (muni) Chyavana had taken his seat, Kuśika, accompanied by his wife, arrived where the sage (muni) was.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the narrator of the Mahabharata (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आसनम् (āsanam) - a seat or sitting posture for meditation or rest (seat, sitting)

• उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (his) seat (having taken, having adopted, having procured)

• च्यवनस्य (cyavanasya) - of the sage Chyavana (of Chyavana)

• महामुनेः (mahāmuneḥ) - of Chyavana, who is a great sage (of the great sage, of the great ascetic)

• कुशिकः (kuśikaḥ) - King Kushika (Kushika (a proper name))

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with the wife, by the wife

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, along with

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

• यतः (yataḥ) - where (the sage was) (where, from which, because of which)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage Chyavana (sage, ascetic)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the narrator of the Mahabharata (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper name); terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect Active Indicative

Irregular perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

आसनम् (āsanam) - a seat or sitting posture for meditation or rest (seat, sitting)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture, mode of sitting

Derived from √ās (to sit)

Root: ās (class 2)

उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (his) seat (having taken, having adopted, having procured)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

√dā (to give) with upasarga upa and ā, forms absolutive

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

च्यवनस्य (cyavanasya) - of the sage Chyavana (of Chyavana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - Chyavana (a proper name, name of a sage)

महामुनेः (mahāmuneḥ) - of Chyavana, who is a great sage (of the great sage, of the great ascetic)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karma_dhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)

कुशिकः (kuśikaḥ) - King Kushika (Kushika (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśika

kuśika - Kushika (a proper name, name of an ancient king or sage)

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with the wife, by the wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, spouse

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From √bhṛ (to bear, support), one who is to be supported/maintained, hence wife

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Often used with instrumental case

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came, arrived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ājagāma

Perfect Active Indicative

Perfect form of √gam with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यतः (yataḥ) - where (the sage was) (where, from which, because of which)

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverbial ending -tas

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage Chyavana (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint