महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-52, verse-3

कथमेष समुत्पन्नो रामः सत्यपराक्रमः ।
कथं ब्रह्मर्षिवंशे च क्षत्रधर्मा व्यजायत ॥३॥

3. kathameṣa samutpanno rāmaḥ satyaparākramaḥ ,
kathaṁ brahmarṣivaṁśe ca kṣatradharmā vyajāyata.

3. katham eṣa samutpannaḥ rāmaḥ satyaparākramaḥ
katham brahmarṣivaṃśe ca kṣatradharmā vyajāyata

3. How was this Rāma, of true valor, born? And how was one possessing the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya born in the lineage of brahmin sages?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - Asking about the circumstances of Rāma's birth (how, in what manner)

• एष (eṣa) - Referring to Rāma (this one, he)

• समुत्पन्नः (samutpannaḥ) - How was he born? (born, arisen, produced)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Refers to Paraśurāma (Rāma)

• सत्यपराक्रमः (satyaparākramaḥ) - An epithet for Rāma (whose valor is true, truly mighty)

• कथम् (katham) - Asking how this could happen (how)

• ब्रह्मर्षिवंशे (brahmarṣivaṁśe) - Refers to the lineage of Jamadagni, a brahmin sage (in the lineage of brahmin sages)

• च (ca) - And how... (and)

• क्षत्रधर्मा (kṣatradharmā) - How did one with kṣatriya qualities arise in a brahmin lineage (one having the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya)

• व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - How was he born with kṣatriya qualities (was born, came into being)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - Asking about the circumstances of Rāma's birth (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

एष (eṣa) - Referring to Rāma (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

समुत्पन्नः (samutpannaḥ) - How was he born? (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samutpanna

samutpanna - born, arisen, produced, sprung up

Past Passive Participle

sam-ud-pad + kta (suffix)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: pad (class 4)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Refers to Paraśurāma (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma, pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

सत्यपराक्रमः (satyaparākramaḥ) - An epithet for Rāma (whose valor is true, truly mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyaparākrama

satyaparākrama - of true valor, truly mighty, whose prowess is real

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+parākrama)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, might
  noun (masculine)
  From parā-kram (to step forth, to be mighty)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - Asking how this could happen (how)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मर्षिवंशे (brahmarṣivaṁśe) - Refers to the lineage of Jamadagni, a brahmin sage (in the lineage of brahmin sages)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of brahmarṣivaṃśa

brahmarṣivaṁśa - lineage of brahmin sages, family of brahmin seers

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (brahmarṣi+vaṃśa)

• brahmarṣi – brahmin sage, a sage who is also a brahmin
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – lineage, family, race, bamboo
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - And how... (and)

(indeclinable)

क्षत्रधर्मा (kṣatradharmā) - How did one with kṣatriya qualities arise in a brahmin lineage (one having the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharman

kṣatradharman - one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is that of a kṣatriya, having the duties/qualities of a warrior

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣatra+dharman)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, rule
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

व्यजायत (vyajāyata) - How was he born with kṣatriya qualities (was born, came into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vi-jan

Imperfect middle

vi + jan, 4th class, imperfect middle 3rd singular

Prefix: vi

Root: jan (class 4)