महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-54, verse-37

तस्माद्वक्तव्यमेवेह त्वया पश्याम्यशेषतः ।
धर्माञ्शुश्रूषमाणेभ्यः पृष्टेन च सता पुनः ॥३७॥

37. tasmādvaktavyameveha tvayā paśyāmyaśeṣataḥ ,
dharmāñśuśrūṣamāṇebhyaḥ pṛṣṭena ca satā punaḥ.

37. tasmāt vaktavyam eva iha tvayā paśyāmi aśeṣataḥ
dharmān śuśrūṣamāṇebhyaḥ pṛṣṭena ca satā punaḥ

37. Therefore, I see that you must indeed speak fully here, especially the principles of natural law (dharma) to those who are eager to hear, and again, when questioned by a virtuous person.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - ought to be spoken, to be said

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I consider

• अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - principles of natural law, duties, virtues

• शुश्रूषमाणेभ्यः (śuśrūṣamāṇebhyaḥ) - to those wishing to hear, to those eager to listen

• पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by one questioned, by one asked

• च (ca) - and, also

• सता (satā) - by a virtuous person (by a good person, by an existing one, by a virtuous one)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - ought to be spoken, to be said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaktavya

vaktavya - to be spoken, speakable

Gerundive

From √vac (to speak) with suffix -tavya.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, 'it is to be spoken'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the gerundive 'vaktavyam'.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś

Present Active Indicative 1st Person Singular

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed with suffix -tas.

धर्मान् (dharmān) - principles of natural law, duties, virtues

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'vaktavyam'.

शुश्रूषमाणेभ्यः (śuśrūṣamāṇebhyaḥ) - to those wishing to hear, to those eager to listen

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, plural of śuśrūṣamāṇa

śuśrūṣamāṇa - wishing to hear, eager to listen, desirous of obeying

Present Middle Participle (Desiderative)

From desiderative stem of √śru (to hear) with suffix -māna.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Functions as a substantive, 'to those who are eager to hear'.

पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - by one questioned, by one asked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned

Past Passive Participle

From √prach (to ask).

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'satā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'śuśrūṣamāṇebhyaḥ' and 'pṛṣṭena satā'.

सता (satā) - by a virtuous person (by a good person, by an existing one, by a virtuous one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sat

sat - existent, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Functions as a substantive (by a virtuous person).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)