महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-54, verse-31

एतस्मात्कारणाद्भीष्म मतिर्दिव्या मया हि ते ।
दत्ता यशो विप्रथेत कथं भूयस्तवेति ह ॥३१॥

31. etasmātkāraṇādbhīṣma matirdivyā mayā hi te ,
dattā yaśo vipratheta kathaṁ bhūyastaveti ha.

31. etasmāt kāraṇāt bhīṣma matiḥ divyā mayā hi te
dattā yaśaḥ vipratheta katham bhūyaḥ tava iti ha

31. bhīṣma etasmāt kāraṇāt hi divyā matiḥ mayā te
dattā yaśaḥ tava katham bhūyaḥ vipratheta iti ha

31. For this very reason, O Bhishma, this divine intellect was indeed given to you by me, so that your fame might spread even further.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - for this reason (from a cause, by reason of, because of)

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma

• मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect (intellect, mind, thought, intention)

• दिव्या (divyā) - divine (divine, heavenly, celestial)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (dative/genitive of yuṣmad))

• दत्ता (dattā) - given (given, granted)

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, renown)

• विप्रथेत (vipratheta) - may it spread (widely) (may it spread, may it extend)

• कथम् (katham) - so that, how (introduces the purpose/manner for the gift of intellect) (how? in what manner? why?)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - even further (further, again, more, repeatedly)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• इति (iti) - thus, to this effect (marking the purpose clause) (thus, so, in this way (marker for direct or indirect speech, or for end of a thought/reason))

• ह (ha) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, a particle of emphasis)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with kāraṇāt.

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - for this reason (from a cause, by reason of, because of)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive

From √kṛ (to do) + ana (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the cause.

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in Mahabharata), terrible, formidable

मतिः (matiḥ) - intellect (intellect, mind, thought, intention)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, opinion, intention

From root √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied "is".

दिव्या (divyā) - divine (divine, heavenly, celestial)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial, supernatural

Related to div (heaven, sky)

Note: Agrees with matiḥ.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive verb dattā.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasis.

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you (dative/genitive of yuṣmad))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Recipient of the intellect.

दत्ता (dattā) - given (given, granted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √dā (to give). Feminine singular nominative, agreeing with matiḥ.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for matiḥ.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame (fame, glory, renown)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor

Note: Subject of vipratheta.

विप्रथेत (vipratheta) - may it spread (widely) (may it spread, may it extend)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of viprath

Optative Mood, Middle Voice (ātmanepada)

3rd person singular, optative mood, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Expresses a wish or purpose.

कथम् (katham) - so that, how (introduces the purpose/manner for the gift of intellect) (how? in what manner? why?)

(indeclinable)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - even further (further, again, more, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies vipratheta.

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, modifies yaśaḥ.

इति (iti) - thus, to this effect (marking the purpose clause) (thus, so, in this way (marker for direct or indirect speech, or for end of a thought/reason))

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, a particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.