महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-54, verse-34

भवान्हि वयसा वृद्धः श्रुताचारसमन्वितः ।
कुशलो राजधर्माणां पूर्वेषामपराश्च ये ॥३४॥

34. bhavānhi vayasā vṛddhaḥ śrutācārasamanvitaḥ ,
kuśalo rājadharmāṇāṁ pūrveṣāmaparāśca ye.

34. bhavān hi vayasā vṛddhaḥ śrutācārasamanvitaḥ
kuśalaḥ rājadharmaṇām pūrveṣām aparāḥ ca ye

34. hi bhavān vayasā vṛddhaḥ śrutācārasamanvitaḥ ca,
ye pūrveṣām aparāḥ ca rājadharmaṇām kuśalaḥ (asi)

34. For you are indeed advanced in age, endowed with sacred knowledge and proper conduct, and expert in the natural laws (dharma) for kings, both those of former times and those which are more recent.

Words meanings summery:

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• वयसा (vayasā) - by age, in age

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown, advanced

• श्रुताचारसमन्वितः (śrutācārasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with sacred knowledge and good conduct

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, expert, proficient

• राजधर्मणाम् (rājadharmaṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) for kings

• पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the former, of the ancient ones

• अपराः (aparāḥ) - later ones, others, subsequent ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - which, who (nominative plural masculine)

Words meanings and morphology

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), sir, lord

present participle stem from √bhū, used as an honorific pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

particle

वयसा (vayasā) - by age, in age

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, vitality, strength, period of life

s-stem neuter noun

Note: Indicates the means or respect in which one is 'vṛddha'.

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old, aged, grown, advanced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, venerable, large, increased, grown

past passive participle

from √vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `bhavān`.

श्रुताचारसमन्वितः (śrutācārasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with sacred knowledge and good conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutācārasamanvita

śrutācārasamanvita - endowed/furnished with sacred tradition (śruti) and conduct (ācāra)

Compound adjective formed with `samanvita` (PPP) at the end.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śruta+ācāra+samanvita)

• śruta – heard, revealed, sacred tradition, Vedic knowledge
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle (used as noun)
  from √śru (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• ācāra – conduct, custom, practice, behavior
  noun (masculine)
  from ā- + √car (to move, behave)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)
• samanvita – possessed of, endowed with, furnished with, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from sam-anu-√i (to go, move, attain) + -ta
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `bhavān`.

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, expert, proficient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, clever, expert, well, prosperous, happy

Note: Agrees with `bhavān`.

राजधर्मणाम् (rājadharmaṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) for kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal duty, law/constitution (dharma) for kings

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  n-stem masculine noun
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom, religious or moral ordinance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of expertise for `kuśalaḥ`.

पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the former, of the ancient ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - previous, former, ancient, eastern

Note: Agrees with `rājadharmaṇām`.

अपराः (aparāḥ) - later ones, others, subsequent ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, later, subsequent, inferior, western

Note: Part of `aparāḥ ca ye`, modifying the implied `dharmāḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

Note: Connects `pūrveṣām` and `aparāḥ`.

ये (ye) - which, who (nominative plural masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the `rājadharma`.