महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-324, verse-8

यज्वा दानपतिः श्रेष्ठः सर्वभूतहितप्रियः ।
कथं स्विदन्यथा ब्रूयाद्वाक्यमेष महान्वसुः ॥८॥

8. yajvā dānapatiḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvabhūtahitapriyaḥ ,
kathaṁ svidanyathā brūyādvākyameṣa mahānvasuḥ.

8. yajvā dānapatiḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvabhūtahitapriyaḥ
katham svit anyathā brūyāt vākyam eṣaḥ mahān vasuḥ

8. yajvā dānapatiḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvabhūtahitapriyaḥ eṣaḥ
mahān vasuḥ katham svit anyathā vākyam brūyāt

8. “How could this great King Vasu, who is a performer of (yajña) Vedic rituals, a generous giver, the most excellent, and devoted to the well-being of all creatures, possibly speak incorrectly?”

Words meanings summery:

• यज्वा (yajvā) - performer of a (yajña) Vedic ritual, sacrificer

• दानपतिः (dānapatiḥ) - lord of charity, liberal donor

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

• सर्वभूतहितप्रियः (sarvabhūtahitapriyaḥ) - devoted to the welfare of all beings

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• स्वित् (svit) - an emphatic particle (indeed, pray)

• अन्यथा (anyathā) - incorrectly (otherwise, differently, wrongly)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, should say

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - King Vasu (this one, he)

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, noble

• वसुः (vasuḥ) - King Vasu (Vasu)

Words meanings and morphology

यज्वा (yajvā) - performer of a (yajña) Vedic ritual, sacrificer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajvan

yajvan - one who performs a (yajña) Vedic ritual, sacrificer

from root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice)

Root: yaj (class 1)

दानपतिः (dānapatiḥ) - lord of charity, liberal donor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānapati

dānapati - lord of charity, generous giver

compound (tatpuruṣa)

dāna (gift, charity) + pati (lord, master)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāna+pati)

• dāna – gift, donation, charity
  noun (neuter)
  from root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

सर्वभूतहितप्रियः (sarvabhūtahitapriyaḥ) - devoted to the welfare of all beings

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūtahitapriya

sarvabhūtahitapriya - dear to, or delighting in, the welfare of all beings

compound (tatpuruṣa)

sarva (all) + bhūta (being) + hita (welfare) + priya (dear, fond of)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta+hita+priya)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle
  root 'bhū' (to be, exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle
  root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'hi'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• priya – dear, beloved, fond of
  adjective (masculine)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

स्वित् (svit) - an emphatic particle (indeed, pray)

(indeclinable)

अन्यथा (anyathā) - incorrectly (otherwise, differently, wrongly)

(indeclinable)

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - would say, should say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū

optative active

root 'brū' (2nd class) in optative mood

Root: brū (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, sentence, statement, speech

from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - King Vasu (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to King Vasu

महान् (mahān) - great, large, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, noble

Note: Modifies Vasu

वसुः (vasuḥ) - King Vasu (Vasu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasu

vasu - Vasu (a class of deities, a proper name, wealth)