महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-324, verse-21

मानना तु द्विजातीनां कर्तव्या वै महात्मनाम् ।
अवश्यं तपसा तेषां फलितव्यं नृपोत्तम ॥२१॥

21. mānanā tu dvijātīnāṁ kartavyā vai mahātmanām ,
avaśyaṁ tapasā teṣāṁ phalitavyaṁ nṛpottama.

21. mānanā tu dvijātīnām kartavyā vai mahātmanām
avaśyaṃ tapasā teṣām phalitavyaṃ nṛpottama

21. nṛpottama tu vai dvijātīnām mahātmanām mānanā
kartavyā teṣām tapasā avaśyaṃ phalitavyam

21. But indeed, O best of kings, the great-souled twice-born (dvijāti) must be honored. Their austerity (tapas) will certainly bear fruit.

Words meanings summery:

• मानना (mānanā) - respect, honor, reverence

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (brahmins) (of the twice-born)

• कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be done, ought to be performed

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled twice-born (brahmins) (of the great-souled ones)

• अवश्यं (avaśyaṁ) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through ascetic practice

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those great-souled twice-born (brahmins) (of them)

• फलितव्यं (phalitavyaṁ) - their austerity must yield fruit (must bear fruit, is to yield fruit)

• नृपोत्तम (nṛpottama) - addressed to King Uparicara (O best of kings)

Words meanings and morphology

मानना (mānanā) - respect, honor, reverence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mānanā

mānanā - respect, honor, reverence, adoration

From root 'man' (to think, respect).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'kartavyā'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or contrast.

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (brahmins) (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a member of the first three Vedic classes: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; often specifically Brahmin)

Compound of 'dvi' (twice) and 'jāti' (born).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, caste
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'mānanā' (respect of/for).

कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - should be done, ought to be performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'mānanā'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled twice-born (brahmins) (of the great-souled ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble

Compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dvijātīnām'.

अवश्यं (avaśyaṁ) - certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, emphasizes 'phalitavyam'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through ascetic practice

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, ascetic practice, penance

Note: The means by which fruit is borne.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those great-souled twice-born (brahmins) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'dvijātīnām mahātmanām'.

फलितव्यं (phalitavyaṁ) - their austerity must yield fruit (must bear fruit, is to yield fruit)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phalitavya

phalitavya - to be fruitful, to bear fruit

Gerundive

From root 'phal' (to bear fruit).

Root: phal (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally here, 'it must be fruitful'.

नृपोत्तम (nṛpottama) - addressed to King Uparicara (O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpottama

nṛpottama - best of kings, excellent king

Compound of 'nṛpa' (king) and 'uttama' (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+uttama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressed to King Uparicara.