महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-324, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
यदा भक्तो भगवत आसीद्राजा महावसुः ।
किमर्थं स परिभ्रष्टो विवेश विवरं भुवः ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yadā bhakto bhagavata āsīdrājā mahāvasuḥ ,
kimarthaṁ sa paribhraṣṭo viveśa vivaraṁ bhuvaḥ.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca yadā bhaktaḥ bhagavataḥ āsīt rājā
mahāvasuḥ kimartham saḥ paribhraṣṭaḥ viveśa vivaram bhuvaḥ

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca yadā mahāvasuḥ rājā bhagavataḥ bhaktaḥ
āsīt kimartham saḥ paribhraṣṭaḥ bhuvaḥ vivaram viveśa

1. Yudhiṣṭhira asked: 'When the great King Vasu was a devotee (bhakta) of the Lord (Bhagavān), why did he, having fallen, enter a cavity in the earth?'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदा (yadā) - when

• भक्तः (bhaktaḥ) - devotee, devoted

• भगवतः (bhagavataḥ) - of Nārāyaṇa / Viṣṇu (of the Lord)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• राजा (rājā) - king

• महावसुः (mahāvasuḥ) - King Mahāvasu, the same King Vasu mentioned earlier (Great Vasu, King Mahāvasu (proper name))

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

• सः (saḥ) - King Vasu (he)

• परिभ्रष्टः (paribhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen, degraded, banished

• विवेश (viveśa) - entered

• विवरम् (vivaram) - hole, cavity, fissure

• भुवः (bhuvaḥ) - of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (a famous king, son of Dharma and Kuntī)

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'steady in battle'

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect Tense

Root: vac (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

भक्तः (bhaktaḥ) - devotee, devoted

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhakta

bhakta - devoted, loyal, a devotee

Past Passive Participle

From √bhaj

Root: bhaj (class 1)

भगवतः (bhagavataḥ) - of Nārāyaṇa / Viṣṇu (of the Lord)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - Lord, possessor of fortune, glorious, divine

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of āsīt

Imperfect Tense

Root: as (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

महावसुः (mahāvasuḥ) - King Mahāvasu, the same King Vasu mentioned earlier (Great Vasu, King Mahāvasu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvasu

mahāvasu - Great Vasu (a proper name); great wealth

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vasu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vasu – Vasu (a class of deities, a name); wealth, good
  noun (masculine)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - King Vasu (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परिभ्रष्टः (paribhraṣṭaḥ) - fallen, degraded, banished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paribhraṣṭa

paribhraṣṭa - fallen, degraded, banished, deprived

Past Passive Participle

From √bhraṃś with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

विवेश (viveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of viveśa

Perfect Tense

Root: viś (class 6)

विवरम् (vivaram) - hole, cavity, fissure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivara

vivara - hole, cavity, opening, interval

भुवः (bhuvaḥ) - of the earth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world