महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-7

इदं देयमिदं देयमिति नान्तं चिकीर्षति ।
अतः स्तैन्यं प्रभवति विकर्माणि च जाजले ।
तदेव सुकृतं हव्यं येन तुष्यन्ति देवताः ॥७॥

7. idaṁ deyamidaṁ deyamiti nāntaṁ cikīrṣati ,
ataḥ stainyaṁ prabhavati vikarmāṇi ca jājale ,
tadeva sukṛtaṁ havyaṁ yena tuṣyanti devatāḥ.

7. idam deyam idam deyam iti na antam
cikīrṣati ataḥ stainyam prabhavati
vikarmāṇi ca jājale tat eva
sukṛtam havyam yena tuṣyanti devatāḥ

7. idam deyam idam deyam iti antam na
cikīrṣati ataḥ jājale stainyam
ca vikarmāṇi prabhavati tat eva
sukṛtam havyam yena devatāḥ tuṣyanti

7. He says, 'This must be given, this must be given!' and thus never wishes for an end. Therefore, O Jājali, from this arise theft and wrongful actions (karma). Only that offering (havya) which is well-made is that by which the deities are truly pleased.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (object to be given) (this)

• देयम् (deyam) - something that must be offered (to be given, should be given, offering)

• इदम् (idam) - this (object to be given) (this)

• देयम् (deyam) - something that must be offered (to be given, should be given, offering)

• इति (iti) - marking the end of a quote or thought (thus, so, indicates quotation)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्तम् (antam) - an end to the giving (end, limit, conclusion)

• चिकीर्षति (cikīrṣati) - does not wish to make an end (to the giving) (desires to do, wishes to make)

• अतः (ataḥ) - as a result of this attitude (therefore, from this, hence)

• स्तैन्यम् (stainyam) - the act of stealing or dishonesty (theft, stealing)

• प्रभवति (prabhavati) - comes into being, is caused (arises, originates, emerges)

• विकर्माणि (vikarmāṇi) - immoral or prohibited actions (karma) (wrong actions (karma), bad deeds (karma), forbidden acts)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जाजले (jājale) - Addressing the sage Jājali (O Jājali)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the specific kind of offering (that)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes 'that alone' (only, just, indeed)

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - a truly good deed or offering (well-done, virtuous deed, merit)

• हव्यम् (havyam) - the sacred offering intended for deities (havya) (offering, oblation (to deities))

• येन (yena) - through which (offering) (by which, by whom)

• तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are made content (are pleased, are satisfied)

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - the divine beings (deities, gods)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (object to be given) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Used as a substantive, referring to 'this object/offering'.

देयम् (deyam) - something that must be offered (to be given, should be given, offering)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, to be offered, offering

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive from root dā

Root: dā (class 1)

Note: It implies 'it is to be given'.

इदम् (idam) - this (object to be given) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Used as a substantive, referring to 'this object/offering'.

देयम् (deyam) - something that must be offered (to be given, should be given, offering)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, to be offered, offering

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive from root dā

Root: dā (class 1)

Note: It implies 'it is to be given'.

इति (iti) - marking the end of a quote or thought (thus, so, indicates quotation)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अन्तम् (antam) - an end to the giving (end, limit, conclusion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, conclusion

Note: Object of 'cikīrṣati'.

चिकीर्षति (cikīrṣati) - does not wish to make an end (to the giving) (desires to do, wishes to make)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of cikīrṣ

Desiderative Present Active

Present 3rd person singular, desiderative of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The implied subject is 'he' (the greedy person mentioned in the previous verse).

अतः (ataḥ) - as a result of this attitude (therefore, from this, hence)

(indeclinable)

स्तैन्यम् (stainyam) - the act of stealing or dishonesty (theft, stealing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of stainya

stainya - theft, stealing

from stena (thief) + ya (taddhita suffix)

Note: Subject of 'prabhavati'.

प्रभवति (prabhavati) - comes into being, is caused (arises, originates, emerges)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prabhū

Present Active

Present 3rd person singular, root bhū with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The verb is singular, agreeing primarily with 'stainyam'.

विकर्माणि (vikarmāṇi) - immoral or prohibited actions (karma) (wrong actions (karma), bad deeds (karma), forbidden acts)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vikarma

vikarma - wrong action, bad deed, unlawful act (karma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vi+karma)

• vi – bad, wrong, opposite
  prefix
• karma – action, deed, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Co-subject with 'stainyam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जाजले (jājale) - Addressing the sage Jājali (O Jājali)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jājali

jājali - name of a sage

तत् (tat) - referring to the specific kind of offering (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'havyam'.

एव (eva) - emphasizes 'that alone' (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - a truly good deed or offering (well-done, virtuous deed, merit)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well done, virtuous, meritorious deed, good action

Past Passive Participle

PPP from root kṛ with prefix su

Prefix: su

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'havyam'.

हव्यम् (havyam) - the sacred offering intended for deities (havya) (offering, oblation (to deities))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of havya

havya - an oblation, offering (to deities, havya)

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive from root hu

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: The main subject of the clause 'that alone is the offering'.

येन (yena) - through which (offering) (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'havyam' (neuter, but 'yad' can take different genders, here acting as a neuter relative pronoun for 'by which').

तुष्यन्ति (tuṣyanti) - are made content (are pleased, are satisfied)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tuṣ

Present Active

Present 3rd person plural, root tuṣ

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject 'devatāḥ'.

देवताः (devatāḥ) - the divine beings (deities, gods)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, god

Note: Subject of 'tuṣyanti'.