महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-41

भीष्म उवाच ।
एतानीदृशकान्धर्मांस्तुलाधारः प्रशंसति ।
उपपत्त्या हि संपन्नान्नित्यं सद्भिर्निषेवितान् ॥४१॥

41. bhīṣma uvāca ,
etānīdṛśakāndharmāṁstulādhāraḥ praśaṁsati ,
upapattyā hi saṁpannānnityaṁ sadbhirniṣevitān.

41. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca etānīdṛśakān dharmān tulādhāraḥ praśaṃsati
upapattyā hi saṃpannān nityam sadbhiḥ niṣevitān

41. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tulādhāraḥ etānīdṛśakān dharmān upapattyā
hi saṃpannān nityam sadbhiḥ niṣevitān praśaṃsati

41. Bhishma said: Tuladhara praises these kinds of principles (dharma), which are indeed perfected by sound reasoning and always practiced by virtuous people.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतानीदृशकान् (etānīdṛśakān) - these kinds of, such

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - principles, duties, natural laws

• तुलाधारः (tulādhāraḥ) - Tuladhara (proper name)

• प्रशंसति (praśaṁsati) - praises, commends, glorifies

• उपपत्त्या (upapattyā) - by reasoning, by arguments, by proof

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

• संपन्नान् (saṁpannān) - accomplished, endowed, perfected

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by virtuous people, by good people

• निषेवितान् (niṣevitān) - practiced, cultivated, observed, followed

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

3rd person singular, perfect tense

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

एतानीदृशकान् (etānīdṛśakān) - these kinds of, such

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etādṛśaka

etādṛśaka - of this kind, such, similar to this

From etas (this) + dṛś (see) + kan (suffix for 'like').

धर्मान् (dharmān) - principles, duties, natural laws

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious or moral merit, law, justice

From root dhṛ (to uphold, support, bear).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तुलाधारः (tulādhāraḥ) - Tuladhara (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulādhāra

tulādhāra - 'bearer of a balance', a merchant, Tuladhara (proper name)

Compound of tulā (balance) and dhāra (holding).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tulā+dhāra)

• tulā – balance, scale, weight
  noun (feminine)
• dhāra – holding, bearing, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रशंसति (praśaṁsati) - praises, commends, glorifies

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice

From root śaṃs (to praise, recite) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

उपपत्त्या (upapattyā) - by reasoning, by arguments, by proof

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of upapatti

upapatti - occurrence, proof, argument, reasoning, fitness, suitability

From root pad (to go, fall) with prefixes upa and pat.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for, because

(indeclinable)

संपन्नान् (saṁpannān) - accomplished, endowed, perfected

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃpanna

saṁpanna - accomplished, endowed with, perfected, prosperous, completed

Past Passive Participle

From root pad (to go, fall) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular.

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by virtuous people, by good people

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, good, virtuous, noble, true, being

Present active participle (from as to be)

From root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

निषेवितान् (niṣevitān) - practiced, cultivated, observed, followed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niṣevita

niṣevita - served, cultivated, frequented, practiced, followed

Past Passive Participle

From root sev (to serve) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: sev (class 1)