महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-25

वनस्पतीनोषधीश्च फलमूलं च ते विदुः ।
न चैतानृत्विजो लुब्धा याजयन्ति धनार्थिनः ॥२५॥

25. vanaspatīnoṣadhīśca phalamūlaṁ ca te viduḥ ,
na caitānṛtvijo lubdhā yājayanti dhanārthinaḥ.

25. vanaspatīn oṣadhīḥ ca phalamūlam ca te viduḥ na
ca etān ṛtvijaḥ lubdhāḥ yājayanti dhanārthinaḥ

25. te vanaspatīn oṣadhīḥ ca phalamūlam ca viduḥ
lubdhāḥ dhanārthinaḥ ṛtvijaḥ ca etān na yājayanti

25. They are familiar with plants and herbs, as well as fruits and roots. Moreover, greedy priests (ṛtvij), who are seekers of wealth, do not make them perform ritual Vedic rituals (yajña).

Words meanings summery:

• वनस्पतीन् (vanaspatīn) - plants, trees (especially those bearing fruit without flowering)

• ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs, medicinal plants

• च (ca) - and, also

• फलमूलम् (phalamūlam) - fruits and roots

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - they

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know or gather for sustenance (they know, they understand, they find/obtain)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

• ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, ritual performers

• लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy, covetous

• याजयन्ति (yājayanti) - they cause to sacrifice, they make (someone) perform a sacrifice

• धनार्थिनः (dhanārthinaḥ) - desirous of wealth, seeking wealth

Words meanings and morphology

वनस्पतीन् (vanaspatīn) - plants, trees (especially those bearing fruit without flowering)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vanaspati

vanaspati - lord of the forest, large tree, plant, tree bearing fruit without blossoms

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+pati)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - herbs, medicinal plants

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of oṣadhī

oṣadhī - herb, medicinal plant, annual plant

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

फलमूलम् (phalamūlam) - fruits and roots

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phalamūla

phalamūla - fruits and roots

Compound type : dvandva (phala+mūla)

• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Often used as a collective singular for 'fruits and roots'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the virtuous individuals or those being described.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know or gather for sustenance (they know, they understand, they find/obtain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vid

3rd person plural, perfect active

Root: vid (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to the people mentioned in the previous verse (te).

ऋत्विजः (ṛtvijaḥ) - priests, ritual performers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtvij

ṛtvij - priest, sacrificial priest, conductor of a sacrifice

लुब्धाः (lubdhāḥ) - greedy, covetous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager, seized

Past Passive Participle

from root lubh

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies ṛtvijaḥ.

याजयन्ति (yājayanti) - they cause to sacrifice, they make (someone) perform a sacrifice

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yāj

Causative present

3rd person plural, present active indicative (causative of yaj)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Causative verb.

धनार्थिनः (dhanārthinaḥ) - desirous of wealth, seeking wealth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanārthin

dhanārthin - one who desires wealth, covetous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+arthin)

• dhana – wealth, property, riches
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, petitioner
  noun (masculine)
  From artha (purpose, wealth) + in (suffix)
  Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Qualifies ṛtvijaḥ.