महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-5

नमो ब्राह्मणयज्ञाय ये च यज्ञविदो जनाः ।
स्वयज्ञं ब्राह्मणा हित्वा क्षात्रं यज्ञमिहास्थिताः ॥५॥

5. namo brāhmaṇayajñāya ye ca yajñavido janāḥ ,
svayajñaṁ brāhmaṇā hitvā kṣātraṁ yajñamihāsthitāḥ.

5. namaḥ brāhmaṇa-yajñāya ye ca yajña-vidaḥ janāḥ |
sva-yajñam brāhmaṇāḥ hitvā kṣātram yajñam iha āsthitāḥ

5. brāhmaṇa-yajñāya namaḥ,
ca ye janāḥ yajña-vidaḥ (tebhyaḥ api namaḥ) brāhmaṇāḥ sva-yajñam hitvā iha kṣātram yajñam āsthitāḥ

5. Salutations to the Vedic ritual (yajña) performed by Brahmins, and to those people who are knowers of the Vedic ritual (yajña). Brahmins, abandoning their inherent Vedic ritual (yajña), have here resorted to the Vedic ritual (yajña) appropriate for Kṣatriyas.

Words meanings summery:

• नमः (namaḥ) - An expression of reverence. (salutation, obeisance)

• ब्राह्मण-यज्ञाय (brāhmaṇa-yajñāya) - Referring to the Vedic rituals traditionally performed by Brahmins. (to the Brahmana's yajña, to the Vedic ritual of Brahmins)

• ये (ye) - Refers to 'janāḥ' (people). (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यज्ञ-विदः (yajña-vidaḥ) - Agrees with 'janāḥ', referring to people who have true knowledge of yajña. (knowers of yajña, those who understand the Vedic ritual)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

• स्व-यज्ञम् (sva-yajñam) - The Vedic rituals specific or inherent to the Brahmin class. (their own yajña, one's own Vedic ritual)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - The Brahmin caste, specifically those who have deviated. (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - Referring to the Brahmins giving up their traditional duties. (having abandoned, having given up)

• क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - Pertaining to the duties and rituals of the warrior class. (relating to kṣatriyas, royal, martial)

• यज्ञम् (yajñam) - The traditional Vedic ritual. (Vedic ritual, sacrifice)

• इह (iha) - In this context or situation. (here, in this world, in this matter)

• आस्थिताः (āsthitāḥ) - The Brahmins have taken up or adopted the Kṣatriya's ritual. (resorted to, engaged in, placed in, adopted)

Words meanings and morphology

नमः (namaḥ) - An expression of reverence. (salutation, obeisance)

(indeclinable)

Derived from √nam 'to bow'. Often used as an indeclinable.

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Final 's' becomes 'ḥ' by visarga sandhi.

ब्राह्मण-यज्ञाय (brāhmaṇa-yajñāya) - Referring to the Vedic rituals traditionally performed by Brahmins. (to the Brahmana's yajña, to the Vedic ritual of Brahmins)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa-yajña

brāhmaṇa-yajña - a Vedic ritual pertaining to Brahmins or performed by Brahmins

Compound noun, dative singular.

Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+yajña)

• brāhmaṇa – a Brahmin, related to Brahman, sacred
  noun (masculine)
  From brahman
• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship
  noun (masculine)
  From √yaj 'to sacrifice'
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: The dative case is governed by 'namaḥ'.

ये (ye) - Refers to 'janāḥ' (people). (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Nominative plural masculine of the relative pronoun 'yad'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यज्ञ-विदः (yajña-vidaḥ) - Agrees with 'janāḥ', referring to people who have true knowledge of yajña. (knowers of yajña, those who understand the Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yajña-vid

yajña-vid - knower of yajña (Vedic ritual)

Compound of yajña (Vedic ritual) and vid (knower). Nominative plural.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+vid)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship
  noun (masculine)
  From √yaj 'to sacrifice'
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  From √vid 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'janāḥ'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, creature, man

From √jan 'to be born'.

Root: jan (class 4)

स्व-यज्ञम् (sva-yajñam) - The Vedic rituals specific or inherent to the Brahmin class. (their own yajña, one's own Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sva-yajña

sva-yajña - one's own Vedic ritual, self-sacrifice

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'yajña' (Vedic ritual).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+yajña)

• sva – own, self, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
  Reflexive possessive pronoun.
• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship
  noun (masculine)
  From √yaj 'to sacrifice'
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'hitvā'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - The Brahmin caste, specifically those who have deviated. (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, related to Brahman, sacred

From brahman (Vedic text/sacred power/Brahmin). Nominative plural.

Note: Subject of 'āsthitāḥ'.

हित्वा (hitvā) - Referring to the Brahmins giving up their traditional duties. (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √hā.

Root: hā (class 3)

क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - Pertaining to the duties and rituals of the warrior class. (relating to kṣatriyas, royal, martial)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - belonging to kṣatriyas, royal, martial

Derivative of kṣatra (rule, power, kṣatriya class).

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - The traditional Vedic ritual. (Vedic ritual, sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship, an act of devotion

From √yaj 'to sacrifice, to worship'.

Root: yaj (class 1)

इह (iha) - In this context or situation. (here, in this world, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or circumstance.

आस्थिताः (āsthitāḥ) - The Brahmins have taken up or adopted the Kṣatriya's ritual. (resorted to, engaged in, placed in, adopted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āsthita

āsthita - standing, situated, placed, resorted to, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √sthā with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Implies a state of having taken up or adopted.