महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-38

पत्नीं चानेन विधिना प्रकरोति नियोजयन् ।
पुरोडाशो हि सर्वेषां पशूनां मेध्य उच्यते ॥३८॥

38. patnīṁ cānena vidhinā prakaroti niyojayan ,
puroḍāśo hi sarveṣāṁ paśūnāṁ medhya ucyate.

38. patnīm ca anena vidhinā pra-karoti niyojayan
puroḍāśaḥ hi sarveṣām paśūnām medhyaḥ ucyate

38. anena vidhinā ca patnīm niyojayan pra-karoti.
hi puroḍāśaḥ sarveṣām paśūnām medhyaḥ ucyate.

38. And by this method, one makes the wife perform [the ritual], engaging her. Indeed, the rice cake (puroḍāśa) is said to be purifying (medhya) for all animals.

Words meanings summery:

• पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife

• च (ca) - and

• अनेन (anena) - by this, with this

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by method, by rule, by rite

• प्र-करोति (pra-karoti) - he performs, he does, he makes

• नियोजयन् (niyojayan) - engaging, employing, causing to act

• पुरोडाशः (puroḍāśaḥ) - rice-cake, sacrificial cake

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, for all

• पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of animals, for animals

• मेध्यः (medhyaḥ) - pure, sacred, fit for sacrifice, suitable

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

Words meanings and morphology

पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress, lady

Note: Object of prakaroti.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

अनेन (anena) - by this, with this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to vidhinā.

विधिना (vidhinā) - by method, by rule, by rite

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, injunction, ordinance, rite

From √dhā 'to place, put' with vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Means or instrument.

प्र-करोति (pra-karoti) - he performs, he does, he makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-kṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implied subject is 'one' or 'the sacrificer'.

नियोजयन् (niyojayan) - engaging, employing, causing to act

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyojay

niyojay - to engage, employ, appoint, direct, cause to act

Present Active Participle

Causative of ni-yuj (√yuj with ni)

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies the implied agent of prakaroti, referring to the person performing the action (engaging the wife).

पुरोडाशः (puroḍāśaḥ) - rice-cake, sacrificial cake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puroḍāśa

puroḍāśa - sacrificial cake, especially of ground rice, offered to deities

Note: Subject of ucyate.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Explanatory particle.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, for all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with paśūnām.

पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of animals, for animals

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle, living being

Note: Possessive or dative sense ('for').

मेध्यः (medhyaḥ) - pure, sacred, fit for sacrifice, suitable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhya

medhya - fit for sacrifice, pure, sacred, clean

Gerundive

From √medh 'to purify'

Root: medh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for puroḍāśaḥ.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Passive voice verb.