महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-255, verse-35

जाजलिरुवाच ।
न वै मुनीनां शृणुमः स्म तत्त्वं पृच्छामि त्वा वाणिज कष्टमेतत् ।
पूर्वे पूर्वे चास्य नावेक्षमाणा नातः परं तमृषयः स्थापयन्ति ॥३५॥

35. jājaliruvāca ,
na vai munīnāṁ śṛṇumaḥ sma tattvaṁ; pṛcchāmi tvā vāṇija kaṣṭametat ,
pūrve pūrve cāsya nāvekṣamāṇā; nātaḥ paraṁ tamṛṣayaḥ sthāpayanti.

35. jājaliḥ uvāca na vai munīnām śṛṇumaḥ
sma tattvam pṛcchāmi tvā vāṇija kaṣṭam
etat pūrve pūrve ca asya na avekṣamāṇāḥ
na ataḥ param tam ṛṣayaḥ sthāpayanti

35. jājaliḥ uvāca vai na munīnām tattvam
sma śṛṇumaḥ vāṇija tvā etat kaṣṭam pṛcchāmi
ca asya pūrve pūrve ṛṣayaḥ na
avekṣamāṇāḥ ataḥ tam param na sthāpayanti

35. Jājali said: Indeed, we (sages) have not (truly) heard the (ultimate) truth (tattvam) (even) from other sages. O merchant, I ask you about this difficult matter: The sages of old, not having fully comprehended this (truth), therefore do not establish (anyone) as dwelling beyond this (worldly existence).

Words meanings summery:

• जाजलिः (jājaliḥ) - Jājali (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• न (na) - not, nor

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• मुनीनाम् (munīnām) - of sages, of ascetics

• शृणुमः (śṛṇumaḥ) - we hear

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense when used with present verb)

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the ultimate truth (the truth, reality, essence)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

• वाणिज (vāṇija) - O merchant

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - difficulty, trouble, hard (adj, used as noun)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• पूर्वे (pūrve) - the earlier sages (earlier, former, ancient)

• पूर्वे (pūrve) - the earlier sages (repetition for emphasis) (earlier, former, ancient)

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - of this (truth) or of this (person/matter) (of this, of him)

• न (na) - not

• अवेक्षमाणाः (avekṣamāṇāḥ) - not looking at, not considering, not comprehending

• न (na) - not

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore

• परम् (param) - as dwelling beyond this (worldly realm) (higher, supreme, beyond this (realm))

• तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages

• स्थापयन्ति (sthāpayanti) - they establish, they place

Words meanings and morphology

जाजलिः (jājaliḥ) - Jājali (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jājali

jājali - Jājali (name of a sage in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

मुनीनाम् (munīnām) - of sages, of ascetics

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, contemplative person, silent one

शृणुमः (śṛṇumaḥ) - we hear

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense when used with present verb)

(indeclinable)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the ultimate truth (the truth, reality, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence, true nature

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Archaic/Vedic form of tvām (you, acc. sg.)

वाणिज (vāṇija) - O merchant

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vāṇij

vāṇij - merchant, trader

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - difficulty, trouble, hard (adj, used as noun)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, painful, trouble, hardship, distress

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

पूर्वे (pūrve) - the earlier sages (earlier, former, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, ancient, eastern

पूर्वे (pūrve) - the earlier sages (repetition for emphasis) (earlier, former, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, prior, ancient, eastern

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of this (truth) or of this (person/matter) (of this, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अवेक्षमाणाः (avekṣamāṇāḥ) - not looking at, not considering, not comprehending

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, considering, perceiving, comprehending

Present Middle Participle

From root īkṣ (to see) + ava (prefix) + śānac (middle participle suffix)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - as dwelling beyond this (worldly realm) (higher, supreme, beyond this (realm))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, supreme, higher, beyond

तम् (tam) - him, that (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

स्थापयन्ति (sthāpayanti) - they establish, they place

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Causative

From root sthā (to stand) + ṇic (causative suffix) + laṭ (present indicative)

Root: sthā (class 1)