महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-142, verse-15

एष शाकुनिकः शेते तव वासं समाश्रितः ।
शीतार्तश्च क्षुधार्तश्च पूजामस्मै प्रयोजय ॥१५॥

15. eṣa śākunikaḥ śete tava vāsaṁ samāśritaḥ ,
śītārtaśca kṣudhārtaśca pūjāmasmai prayojaya.

15. eṣa śākunikaḥ śete tava vāsam samāśritaḥ
śītārtaḥ ca kṣudhārtaḥ ca pūjām asmai prayojaya

15. eṣa śākunikaḥ tava vāsam samāśritaḥ śete ca
śītārtaḥ ca kṣudhārtaḥ asmai pūjām prayojaya

15. This fowler lies down, having taken refuge in your dwelling. He is afflicted by cold and afflicted by hunger; therefore, offer him hospitality.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this, this one

• शाकुनिकः (śākunikaḥ) - fowler, bird-catcher

• शेते (śete) - lies down, rests, sleeps

• तव (tava) - referring to the pigeon's dwelling (your, of you)

• वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, abode, home

• समाश्रितः (samāśritaḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, sheltered

• शीतार्तः (śītārtaḥ) - afflicted by cold

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षुधार्तः (kṣudhārtaḥ) - afflicted by hunger

• च (ca) - and, also

• पूजाम् (pūjām) - hospitality, respectful offering (worship, honor, hospitality, offering)

• अस्मै (asmai) - to the fowler (to him, for him)

• प्रयोजय (prayojaya) - offer, provide (provide, offer, apply, cause to be done)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Masculine nominative singular.

Note: Subject of 'śete'.

शाकुनिकः (śākunikaḥ) - fowler, bird-catcher

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śākunika

śākunika - fowler, bird-catcher, relating to birds

From 'śakuni' (bird) + 'ika' (suffix).

शेते (śete) - lies down, rests, sleeps

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present (Laṭ)

3rd person singular middle voice, from root 'śī'.

Root: śī (class 2)

तव (tava) - referring to the pigeon's dwelling (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Genitive singular.

Note: Modifies 'vāsam'.

वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, abode, home

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, abode, residence, garment

From root 'vas' (to dwell) + 'ghañ' (suffix).

Root: vas (class 1)

समाश्रितः (samāśritaḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, sheltered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāśrita

samāśrita - having taken refuge, resorted to, sheltered, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' (with) + 'ā' (towards) + root 'śri' (to resort to, lean on) + 'kta' (suffix).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'eṣa śākunikaḥ'.

शीतार्तः (śītārtaḥ) - afflicted by cold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śītārta

śītārta - afflicted by cold, suffering from cold

Compound of 'śīta' (cold) and 'ārta' (afflicted).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śīta+ārta)

• śīta – cold, coolness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śyā (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) + 'kta' (suffix for PPP). Can also be from 'ārd' (to pain, afflict).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'eṣa śākunikaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'śītārtaḥ' and 'kṣudhārtaḥ'.

क्षुधार्तः (kṣudhārtaḥ) - afflicted by hunger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - afflicted by hunger, suffering from hunger

Compound of 'kṣudhā' (hunger) and 'ārta' (afflicted).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+ārta)

• kṣudhā – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṣudh (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) + 'kta' (suffix for PPP). Can also be from 'ārd' (to pain, afflict).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'eṣa śākunikaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'śītārtaḥ' and 'kṣudhārtaḥ'.

पूजाम् (pūjām) - hospitality, respectful offering (worship, honor, hospitality, offering)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pūjā

pūjā - worship, honor, reverence, hospitality, offering

From root 'pūj' (to honor, worship).

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Object of 'prayojaya'.

अस्मै (asmai) - to the fowler (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine dative singular.

Note: Indirect object of 'prayojaya'.

प्रयोजय (prayojaya) - offer, provide (provide, offer, apply, cause to be done)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-yuj

Imperative (Loṭ), causative stem

2nd person singular active, causative stem of root 'yuj' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)