महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-142, verse-13

इति संचिन्त्य दुःखार्ता भर्तारं दुःखितं तदा ।
कपोती लुब्धकेनाथ यत्ता वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१३॥

13. iti saṁcintya duḥkhārtā bhartāraṁ duḥkhitaṁ tadā ,
kapotī lubdhakenātha yattā vacanamabravīt.

13. iti saṃcintya duḥkhārtā bhartāram duḥkhitam tadā
kapotī lubdhakena atha yattā vacanam abravīt

13. tadā duḥkhārtā kapotī duḥkhitam bhartāram iti saṃcintya,
atha lubdhakena yattā vacanam abravīt

13. Thus, having deeply considered, the distressed female pigeon, seeing her husband also distressed, then, being determined, spoke these words to the fowler.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way, so

• संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having deeply pondered, having considered well

• दुःखार्ता (duḥkhārtā) - distressed by sorrow, afflicted with pain

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - sorrowful, distressed

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कपोती (kapotī) - female pigeon

• लुब्धकेन (lubdhakena) - to the fowler (functioning as dative equivalent) (by the fowler, with the fowler, to the fowler)

• अथ (atha) - then, and now, moreover

• यत्ता (yattā) - prepared, attentive, determined

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having deeply pondered, having considered well

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from 'sam' (prefix) + 'cit' (root) + 'ṇic' (causative) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: sam

Root: cit (class 1)

दुःखार्ता (duḥkhārtā) - distressed by sorrow, afflicted with pain

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow/pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) + 'kta' (suffix for PPP). Can also be from 'ārd' (to pain, afflict).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'kapotī'.

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, master, lord

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support, nourish) + 'tṛ' (agent suffix).

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of an implied verb of perception.

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - sorrowful, distressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - pained, distressed, made miserable

Past Passive Participle

From 'duḥkha' (noun) + 'ita' (suffix) or from root 'duḥkh' (causative of 'duh') + 'kta'.

Note: Qualifies 'bhartāram'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad'.

कपोती (kapotī) - female pigeon

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kapotī

kapotī - female pigeon

Feminine form of 'kapota'.

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

लुब्धकेन (lubdhakena) - to the fowler (functioning as dative equivalent) (by the fowler, with the fowler, to the fowler)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lubdhaka

lubdhaka - fowler, hunter, bird-catcher

From 'lubdh' (to covet, desire, be greedy) + 'aka' (suffix).

Root: lubh (class 4)

अथ (atha) - then, and now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Used to introduce a new topic or clause.

यत्ता (yattā) - prepared, attentive, determined

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yatta

yatta - prepared, attentive, diligent, determined

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yat' (to endeavor, strive) + 'kta' (suffix).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kapotī'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, utterance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, utterance, saying

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' (suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active, augment 'a' + root 'brū' (irregularly 'rav') + 'īt'.

Root: brū (class 2)