महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-23, verse-3

येन संगृह्णता तात रथमाधिरथेर्युधि ।
जयार्थं पाण्डुपुत्राणां तथा तेजोवधः कृतः ॥३॥

3. yena saṁgṛhṇatā tāta rathamādhiratheryudhi ,
jayārthaṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ tathā tejovadhaḥ kṛtaḥ.

3. yena saṃgṛhṇatā tāta ratham ādhiratheḥ yudhi
jayārtham pāṇḍuputrāṇām tathā tejovadhaḥ kṛtaḥ

3. tāta yena yudhi ādhiratheḥ ratham saṃgṛhṇatā
tathā pāṇḍuputrāṇām jayārtham tejovadhaḥ kṛtaḥ

3. O dear child (tāta), it was by him (Salya), while skillfully controlling Adhiratha's son (Karna)'s chariot in battle for the victory of the Pandu's sons, that the destruction of (Karna's) glory was thus accomplished.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by him (Salya) (by whom, by which)

• संगृह्णता (saṁgṛhṇatā) - by him (Salya) while controlling (by him holding, by him grasping, by him controlling)

• तात (tāta) - dear child (vocative, addressed to Duryodhana) (dear child, father)

• रथम् (ratham) - (Karna's) chariot (chariot)

• आधिरथेः (ādhiratheḥ) - of Adhiratha's son (Karna)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• जयार्थम् (jayārtham) - for the victory (for the sake of victory, for victory)

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the Pandavas (of the sons of Pandu, of the Pandavas)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• तेजोवधः (tejovadhaḥ) - the destruction of glory (Karna's) (destruction of glory, humiliation, loss of luster)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - was accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by him (Salya) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

संगृह्णता (saṁgṛhṇatā) - by him (Salya) while controlling (by him holding, by him grasping, by him controlling)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃgṛhṇat

saṁgṛhṇat - holding, grasping, seizing, controlling

Present Active Participle

From root grah (to seize, hold) with upasarga sam- (present stem gṛhṇā, participle gṛhṇat)

Prefix: sam

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'yena', indicating a contemporaneous action.

तात (tāta) - dear child (vocative, addressed to Duryodhana) (dear child, father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear child, darling (term of endearment)

रथम् (ratham) - (Karna's) chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, warrior in a chariot

आधिरथेः (ādhiratheḥ) - of Adhiratha's son (Karna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ādhirathi

ādhirathi - son of Adhiratha (Karna)

Patronymic from Adhiratha

Note: Possessive, 'Karna's chariot'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Note: Denotes the location of the action.

जयार्थम् (jayārtham) - for the victory (for the sake of victory, for victory)

(indeclinable)

Compound of jaya (victory) and artha (purpose, sake), used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpurusha (jaya+artha)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverbial phrase.

पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the Pandavas (of the sons of Pandu, of the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu, Pandava

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (name of a king, father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, 'for the Pandavas' victory'.

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb, emphasizing the manner of action.

तेजोवधः (tejovadhaḥ) - the destruction of glory (Karna's) (destruction of glory, humiliation, loss of luster)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejovadha

tejovadha - destruction of splendor, loss of glory, humiliation

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tejas+vadha)

• tejas – splendor, glory, power, energy
  noun (neuter)
• vadha – killing, slaughter, destruction, injury
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kṛtaḥ'.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - was accomplished (done, made, accomplished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, created

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb, implicitly 'was done/accomplished'.