महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-23, verse-15

पश्य शांतनवं कृष्ण शयानं सूर्यवर्चसम् ।
युगान्त इव कालेन पातितं सूर्यमम्बरात् ॥१५॥

15. paśya śāṁtanavaṁ kṛṣṇa śayānaṁ sūryavarcasam ,
yugānta iva kālena pātitaṁ sūryamambarāt.

15. paśya śāntanavam kṛṣṇa śayānam sūryavarcasam
yugānta iva kālena pātitam sūryam ambarāt

15. kṛṣṇa paśya śāntanavam śayānam sūryavarcasam,
kālena pātitam yugānta iva ambarāt sūryam

15. O Krishna, behold the son of Shantanu (śāntanava) lying there, radiant like the sun, struck down by time, just as the sun itself falls from the sky at the end of an eon.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, look)

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - the son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu, Bhishma)

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (on the battlefield) (lying, sleeping, resting)

• सूर्यवर्चसम् (sūryavarcasam) - with the splendor of the sun (sun-splendid, having the luster of the sun)

• युगान्त (yugānta) - the end of an eon (end of an age/eon)

• इव (iva) - as if, just like (like, as, as if)

• कालेन (kālena) - by time

• पातितम् (pātitam) - struck down (caused to fall, struck down, fallen)

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

• अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky (from the sky, from heaven)

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, look)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - the son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu, Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu, Bhishma

Patronymic from Shantanu.

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (name of a deity), black, dark

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying (on the battlefield) (lying, sleeping, resting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying, sleeping, resting

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root śī (to lie down) + śānac suffix.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'śāntanavam'.

सूर्यवर्चसम् (sūryavarcasam) - with the splendor of the sun (sun-splendid, having the luster of the sun)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūryavarcas

sūryavarcas - sun-splendid, having the luster of the sun

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sūrya+varcas)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• varcas – splendor, luster, radiance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śāntanavam'.

युगान्त (yugānta) - the end of an eon (end of an age/eon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yugānta

yugānta - end of an age/eon, dissolution of the world

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (yuga+anta)

• yuga – age, era, eon
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, boundary, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as the object of comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - as if, just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

कालेन (kālena) - by time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, death, destiny

Note: Agent of 'pātitam'.

पातितम् (pātitam) - struck down (caused to fall, struck down, fallen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - caused to fall, thrown down, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From the causative stem of root pat (to fall) + -ta suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with 'sūryam'.

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun-god

Note: Object of implied 'seeing/beholding' in the simile.

अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky (from the sky, from heaven)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, heaven, garment

Note: Expresses source of falling for 'sūryam'.