महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-23, verse-29

यं पुरोधाय कुरव आह्वयन्ति स्म पाण्डवान् ।
सोऽयं शस्त्रभृतां श्रेष्ठो द्रोणः शस्त्रैः पृथक्कृतः ॥२९॥

29. yaṁ purodhāya kurava āhvayanti sma pāṇḍavān ,
so'yaṁ śastrabhṛtāṁ śreṣṭho droṇaḥ śastraiḥ pṛthakkṛtaḥ.

29. yam purodhāya kuravaḥ āhvayanti sma pāṇḍavān saḥ ayam
śastrabṛtām śreṣṭhaḥ droṇaḥ śastraiḥ pṛthakkṛtaḥ

29. kuravaḥ yam purodhāya pāṇḍavān āhvayanti sma saḥ ayam
śastrabṛtām śreṣṭhaḥ droṇaḥ śastraiḥ pṛthakkṛtaḥ

29. He whom the Kurus placed at their forefront when they challenged the Pandavas—this very Drona, the best among weapon-wielders, has been destroyed by weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• पुरोधाय (purodhāya) - having placed in front, having made a leader

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

• आह्वयन्ति (āhvayanti) - they challenge, they call upon

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

• शस्त्रबृताम् (śastrabṛtām) - of the weapon-bearers, among those who carry weapons

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper name)

• शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, with weapons

• पृथक्कृतः (pṛthakkṛtaḥ) - separated, destroyed, undone

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

पुरोधाय (purodhāya) - having placed in front, having made a leader

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dhā with upasarga puras

Prefix: puras

Root: dhā (class 3)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (a clan name), a descendant of Kuru

आह्वयन्ति (āhvayanti) - they challenge, they call upon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hve

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, one of the Pāṇḍavas

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

शस्त्रबृताम् (śastrabṛtām) - of the weapon-bearers, among those who carry weapons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śastrabṛt

śastrabṛt - weapon-bearer, warrior

Compound type : tatpurusha (śastra+bhṛt)

• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• bhṛt – bearing, carrying, maintaining
  adjective
  Agent noun/Adjective from root
  Derived from root bhṛ
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher of the Kauravas and Pandavas)

शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, with weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, missile

पृथक्कृतः (pṛthakkṛtaḥ) - separated, destroyed, undone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthakkṛta

pṛthakkṛta - separated, divided, made distinct, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ with the adverb pṛthak

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pṛthak+kṛta)

• pṛthak – separately, apart, distinct
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)