महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-46, verse-13

श्रुत्वा तु तद्वचो घोरं पिता ते जनमेजय ।
यत्तोऽभवत्परित्रस्तस्तक्षकात्पन्नगोत्तमात् ॥१३॥

13. śrutvā tu tadvaco ghoraṁ pitā te janamejaya ,
yatto'bhavatparitrastastakṣakātpannagottamāt.

13. śrutvā tu tat vacaḥ ghoram pitā te janamejaya
yattaḥ abhavat paritrastaḥ takṣakāt pannagottamāt

13. O Janamejaya, your father, upon hearing that terrible speech, became greatly terrified of Takṣaka, the foremost of serpents, and took precautions.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (speech, word, saying)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, fearful)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• ते (te) - your (your, to you)

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - O Janamejaya (O Janamejaya (a king's name))

• यत्तः (yattaḥ) - cautious, took precautions (prepared, striving, diligent, careful)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (he became, it was)

• परित्रस्तः (paritrastaḥ) - greatly terrified (greatly frightened, very terrified)

• तक्षकात् (takṣakāt) - of Takṣaka (ablative of source/fear) (from Takṣaka)

• पन्नगोत्तमात् (pannagottamāt) - from Takṣaka, who is the foremost of serpents (from the best of serpents)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

formed with suffix -ktvā

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular, refers to vacaḥ

वचः (vacaḥ) - speech (speech, word, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, utterance, saying

from root vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular, object of śrutvā

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, fearful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Note: Modifies vacaḥ

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

R-stem noun

Note: Subject of abhavat

ते (te) - your (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Enclitic form of yuşmad

Note: Genitive singular, possessive, referring to Janamejaya

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - O Janamejaya (O Janamejaya (a king's name))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parikṣit)

यत्तः (yattaḥ) - cautious, took precautions (prepared, striving, diligent, careful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatta

yatta - prepared, striving, diligent, careful, restrained

past participle

from root yat 'to strive, endeavor'

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Modifies pitā

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (he became, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence

परित्रस्तः (paritrastaḥ) - greatly terrified (greatly frightened, very terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritrasta

paritrasta - greatly frightened, very terrified, alarmed

past participle

from root tras 'to tremble, fear' with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Modifies pitā

तक्षकात् (takṣakāt) - of Takṣaka (ablative of source/fear) (from Takṣaka)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - Takṣaka (name of a serpent chief)

Note: Source of fear for paritrastaḥ

पन्नगोत्तमात् (pannagottamāt) - from Takṣaka, who is the foremost of serpents (from the best of serpents)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pannagottama

pannagottama - best of serpents, foremost among serpents

Tatpuruṣa compound (pannaga + uttama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pannaga+uttama)

• pannaga – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Appositional to Takṣakāt.