महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-43, verse-19

उत्तिष्ठ त्वं महाभाग सूर्योऽस्तमुपगच्छति ।
संध्यामुपास्स्व भगवन्नपः स्पृष्ट्वा यतव्रतः ॥१९॥

19. uttiṣṭha tvaṁ mahābhāga sūryo'stamupagacchati ,
saṁdhyāmupāssva bhagavannapaḥ spṛṣṭvā yatavrataḥ.

19. uttiṣṭha tvam mahābhāga sūryaḥ astam upagacchati
saṃdhyām upāsva bhagavan apaḥ spṛṣṭvā yatavrataḥ

19. Rise, O greatly fortunate one! The sun is setting. O venerable one, having touched water and with your vows disciplined, perform your twilight prayer.

19. הו בעל המזל הגדול, קום, השמש שוקעת. הו אדון נכבד ששומר על נדריו, גע במים ובצע את טקס הערב (סַנְדְהְיָה).

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - rise (rise, stand up)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one (O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed one)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun, the sun god)

• अस्तम् (astam) - setting (of the sun) (home, setting (of sun), disappearance)

• उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - is setting (approaches, goes to, obtains, sets (for sun))

• संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - twilight prayer (twilight, twilight prayer)

• उपास्व (upāsva) - perform (worship, attend to, perform)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O venerable one, O glorious one, O divine one)

• अपः (apaḥ) - water (waters)

• स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched (having touched, having come into contact with)

• यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - with your vows disciplined (one whose vows are restrained, disciplined in vows, having disciplined vows)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - rise (rise, stand up)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of utthā

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, dual, plural)

2nd person pronoun.

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one (O greatly fortunate one, O highly esteemed one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble, illustrious

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + bhāga (fortune, share).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, extensive, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  From mahat (great).
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, lot, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj (to divide, share).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Jaratkāru (the sage).

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun, the sun god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the god Sūrya

From root svar (to shine).

Root: svar

अस्तम् (astam) - setting (of the sun) (home, setting (of sun), disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - home, residence, setting (of a heavenly body), disappearance

From root as (to throw, cast).

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Used adverbially or as object of motion with upagacchati.

उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - is setting (approaches, goes to, obtains, sets (for sun))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upagam

From root gam (to go) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

संध्याम् (saṁdhyām) - twilight prayer (twilight, twilight prayer)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃdhyā

saṁdhyā - twilight, juncture of day and night, morning and evening prayer

From sam + dhā + ya.

Root: dhā

Note: Object of upāsva.

उपास्व (upāsva) - perform (worship, attend to, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of upās

From root ās (to sit) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one (O venerable one, O glorious one, O divine one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, divine, fortunate, prosperous; often used as an epithet for gods or revered persons

present active participle

From root bhaj (to distribute, possess) with suffix vat.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Jaratkāru (the sage).

अपः (apaḥ) - water (waters)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

Always used in plural in Sanskrit.

Note: Object of spṛṣṭvā.

स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched (having touched, having come into contact with)

(indeclinable participle)

यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - with your vows disciplined (one whose vows are restrained, disciplined in vows, having disciplined vows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one whose vows are restrained or disciplined, observant of vows

Bahuvrīhi compound: yata (restrained, controlled) + vrata (vow, religious observance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, guided
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root yam (to restrain, control).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty, practice
  noun (neuter)
  From root vṛ (to choose, vow).
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies tvam (implied).

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