महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-43, verse-10

तथैव सा च भर्तारं दुःखशीलमुपाचरत् ।
उपायैः श्वेतकाकीयैः प्रियकामा यशस्विनी ॥१०॥

10. tathaiva sā ca bhartāraṁ duḥkhaśīlamupācarat ,
upāyaiḥ śvetakākīyaiḥ priyakāmā yaśasvinī.

10. tathā eva sā ca bhartāram duḥkhaśīlam upācarat
upāyaiḥ śvetakākīyaiḥ priyakāmā yaśasvinī

10. Similarly, that glorious woman, seeking to please, attended to her husband, who was of a sorrowful disposition, using ingenious methods (like those of a white crow).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - (emphasis, often untranslated in English) (only, indeed, just)

• सा (sā) - she (the wife from previous verses) (she, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - her husband (husband, supporter, master)

• दुःखशीलम् (duḥkhaśīlam) - of a sorrowful disposition (of sorrowful nature, prone to unhappiness)

• उपाचरत् (upācarat) - attended to, served (she served, attended to, treated)

• उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - with methods (by means, by expedients, by strategies)

• श्वेतकाकीयैः (śvetakākīyaiḥ) - with methods like those of a white crow (by means like those of a white crow (impossible/cunning))

• प्रियकामा (priyakāmā) - desiring to please (her husband) (desiring what is dear, desirous of pleasing)

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, renowned (glorious, famous, renowned)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' + 'thā' suffix

एव (eva) - (emphasis, often untranslated in English) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often combined with preceding word by sandhi (e.g. 'tathaiva').

सा (sā) - she (the wife from previous verses) (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of 'upācarat'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this action to previous events.

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - her husband (husband, supporter, master)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, maintainer, master, husband

agent noun

From root bhṛ (to bear, support) + tṛc suffix

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of 'upācarat'.

दुःखशीलम् (duḥkhaśīlam) - of a sorrowful disposition (of sorrowful nature, prone to unhappiness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhaśīla

duḥkhaśīla - having a sorrowful disposition, prone to unhappiness, melancholy

descriptive compound

Karmadhāraya compound: 'duḥkha' (sorrow) + 'śīla' (nature, character)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (duḥkha+śīla)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• śīla – nature, disposition, character, habit, custom
  noun (neuter)
  From root śīl (to practice, serve)
  Root: śīl (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhartāram'.

उपाचरत् (upācarat) - attended to, served (she served, attended to, treated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upa-car

imperfect

Root car, class 1, with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject 'sā'.

उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - with methods (by means, by expedients, by strategies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upaya

upaya - means, method, expedient, device, stratagem

From upa + root i (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means used for the action.

श्वेतकाकीयैः (śvetakākīyaiḥ) - with methods like those of a white crow (by means like those of a white crow (impossible/cunning))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvetakākīya

śvetakākīya - related to a white crow, by means like a white crow

derivational adjective

Derived from 'śvetakāka' (white crow) + 'īya' suffix (adjective of relation). Refers to an idiom for something rare, impossible, or requiring great cunning.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śveta+kāka)

• śveta – white, pale
  adjective
  Root: śvit (class 1)
• kāka – crow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kak (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'upāyaiḥ'.

प्रियकामा (priyakāmā) - desiring to please (her husband) (desiring what is dear, desirous of pleasing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priyakāmā

priyakāma - desiring what is dear, desirous of pleasing, loving

descriptive compound

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'priya' (dear, pleasant) + 'kāma' (desire).

Compound type : caturthī-tatpuruṣa (priya+kāma)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective
  From root prī (to please)
  Root: prī (class 4)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, renowned (glorious, famous, renowned)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned, celebrated

possessive adjective

From 'yaśas' (fame, glory) + 'vin' suffix

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.