महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-1, chapter-16, verse-23
ददाह कुञ्जरांश्चैव सिंहांश्चैव विनिःसृतान् ।
विगतासूनि सर्वाणि सत्त्वानि विविधानि च ॥२३॥
विगतासूनि सर्वाणि सत्त्वानि विविधानि च ॥२३॥
23. dadāha kuñjarāṁścaiva siṁhāṁścaiva viniḥsṛtān ,
vigatāsūni sarvāṇi sattvāni vividhāni ca.
vigatāsūni sarvāṇi sattvāni vividhāni ca.
23.
dadāha kuñjarān ca eva siṁhān ca eva viniḥsṛtān
vigatāsūni sarvāṇi sattvāni vividhāni ca
vigatāsūni sarvāṇi sattvāni vividhāni ca
23.
The fire consumed both the elephants and the lions that had fled, and indeed all other diverse creatures, leaving them lifeless.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ददाह (dadāha) - the fire consumed (he/it burned, consumed)
- कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - (the) elephants (elephants)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- एव (eva) - both...and (emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)
- सिंहान् (siṁhān) - (the) lions (lions)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- एव (eva) - indeed (emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)
- विनिःसृतान् (viniḥsṛtān) - those (elephants and lions) that had come out/fled (emerged, come out, fled)
- विगतासूनि (vigatāsūni) - (rendered) lifeless (lifeless, dead, having lost life)
- सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (other) (all, every, entire)
- सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - (other) living creatures (beings, creatures, living things)
- विविधानि (vividhāni) - diverse (various, manifold, diverse)
- च (ca) - and (for additional elements) (and, also, moreover)
Words meanings and morphology
ददाह (dadāha) - the fire consumed (he/it burned, consumed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dah
Root: dah (class 1)
Note: Subject is agniḥ (from previous verse).
कुञ्जरान् (kuñjarān) - (the) elephants (elephants)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of kuñjara
kuñjara - elephant (lit. wandering in groves)
Note: Direct object of dadāha.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects kuñjarān and siṁhān.
एव (eva) - both...and (emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis.
सिंहान् (siṁhān) - (the) lions (lions)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of siṁha
siṁha - lion
Note: Direct object of dadāha.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects siṁhān and sattvāni.
एव (eva) - indeed (emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only, just)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis.
विनिःसृतान् (viniḥsṛtān) - those (elephants and lions) that had come out/fled (emerged, come out, fled)
(participle)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viniḥsṛta
viniḥsṛta - come forth, emerged, fled, escaped
past passive participle
from root sṛ
Prefixes: vi+niḥ
Root: sṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies kuñjarān and siṁhān.
विगतासूनि (vigatāsūni) - (rendered) lifeless (lifeless, dead, having lost life)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, plural of vigatāsu
vigatāsu - lifeless, dead, whose breath is gone
vi-gata (gone away) + asu (life/breath)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi-gata+asu)
- vi-gata – gone away, disappeared
participle
past passive participle
from root gam
Prefix: vi
Root: gam (class 1) - asu – breath, life, vital air
noun (masculine)
Note: Agreement with sattvāni.
सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (other) (all, every, entire)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, entire
Note: Agreement with sattvāni.
सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - (other) living creatures (beings, creatures, living things)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sattva
sattva - being, creature, essence, reality
Note: Direct object of dadāha.
विविधानि (vividhāni) - diverse (various, manifold, diverse)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha
vividha - various, manifold, diverse
Note: Agreement with sattvāni.
च (ca) - and (for additional elements) (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjoins sarvāṇi sattvāni vividhāni with the previously mentioned elephants and lions.