महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-16, verse-16

ते धूमसंघाः संभूता मेघसंघाः सविद्युतः ।
अभ्यवर्षन्सुरगणाञ्श्रमसंतापकर्शितान् ॥१६॥

16. te dhūmasaṁghāḥ saṁbhūtā meghasaṁghāḥ savidyutaḥ ,
abhyavarṣansuragaṇāñśramasaṁtāpakarśitān.

16. te dhūmasaṅghāḥ sambhūtāḥ meghasaṅghāḥ savidyutaḥ
abhyavarṣan suragaṇān śramasaṁtāpakarśitān

16. Those masses of smoke, having become masses of clouds with lightning, rained down upon the groups of gods who were exhausted and withered by fatigue and heat.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (masses of smoke) (those, they)

• धूमसङ्घाः (dhūmasaṅghāḥ) - masses of smoke (masses of smoke, collections of smoke)

• सम्भूताः (sambhūtāḥ) - having become (transformed into) (having become, appeared, arisen)

• मेघसङ्घाः (meghasaṅghāḥ) - masses of clouds (masses of clouds, collections of clouds)

• सविद्युतः (savidyutaḥ) - with lightning (with lightning, accompanied by lightning)

• अभ्यवर्षन् (abhyavarṣan) - they rained down upon (they rained upon, they showered)

• सुरगणान् (suragaṇān) - the groups of gods (Devas) (the groups of gods)

• श्रमसंतापकर्शितान् (śramasaṁtāpakarśitān) - exhausted and withered by fatigue and heat (weakened by fatigue and heat, exhausted by toil and suffering)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (masses of smoke) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धूमसङ्घाः (dhūmasaṅghāḥ) - masses of smoke (masses of smoke, collections of smoke)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhūmasaṅgha

dhūmasaṅgha - mass of smoke, collection of smoke

dhūma (smoke) + saṅgha (mass, collection)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhūma+saṅgha)

• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
  from root dhū (to agitate, move)
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• saṅgha – mass, collection, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from sam-han (to strike together, collect)
  Root: han (class 2)

सम्भूताः (sambhūtāḥ) - having become (transformed into) (having become, appeared, arisen)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sambhūta

sambhūta - produced, arisen, become, happened, appeared

past participle

from root bhū with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: often active in meaning for 'become'

मेघसङ्घाः (meghasaṅghāḥ) - masses of clouds (masses of clouds, collections of clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of meghasaṅgha

meghasaṅgha - mass of clouds, collection of clouds

megha (cloud) + saṅgha (mass, collection)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (megha+saṅgha)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
  from root mih (to sprinkle)
  Root: mih (class 1)
• saṅgha – mass, collection, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from sam-han
  Root: han (class 2)

सविद्युतः (savidyutaḥ) - with lightning (with lightning, accompanied by lightning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savidyut

savidyut - with lightning, accompanied by lightning, flashing

sa- (with) + vidyut (lightning)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vidyut)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vidyut – lightning, flash
  noun (feminine)
  from root vidyut (to flash)
  Root: vidyut (class 6)

अभ्यवर्षन् (abhyavarṣan) - they rained down upon (they rained upon, they showered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavarṣat

from root vṛṣ with prefixes abhi and ava

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: root vṛṣ means 'to rain'

सुरगणान् (suragaṇān) - the groups of gods (Devas) (the groups of gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suragaṇa

suragaṇa - host of gods, group of deities

sura (god) + gaṇa (group)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+gaṇa)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root gaṇ (to count, number)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

श्रमसंतापकर्शितान् (śramasaṁtāpakarśitān) - exhausted and withered by fatigue and heat (weakened by fatigue and heat, exhausted by toil and suffering)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śramasaṁtāpakarśita

śramasaṁtāpakarśita - emaciated/weakened by fatigue and heat/suffering

compound of śrama (fatigue) + saṁtāpa (heat/suffering) + karśita (weakened, emaciated)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrama+saṁtāpa+karśita)

• śrama – fatigue, toil, exertion
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root śram
  Root: śram (class 4)
• saṁtāpa – heat, suffering, distress
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root tap with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)
• karśita – weakened, emaciated, withered, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  from root kṛś (to be thin, weaken)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: agrees with suragaṇān