महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-16, verse-12

मन्थानं मन्दरं कृत्वा तथा नेत्रं च वासुकिम् ।
देवा मथितुमारब्धाः समुद्रं निधिमम्भसाम् ।
अमृतार्थिनस्ततो ब्रह्मन्सहिता दैत्यदानवाः ॥१२॥

12. manthānaṁ mandaraṁ kṛtvā tathā netraṁ ca vāsukim ,
devā mathitumārabdhāḥ samudraṁ nidhimambhasām ,
amṛtārthinastato brahmansahitā daityadānavāḥ.

12. manthānam mandaram kṛtvā tathā netram
ca vāsukim devāḥ mathitum ārabdhāḥ
samudram nidhim ambhasām amṛtārthinaḥ
tataḥ brahman sahitāḥ daityadānavāḥ

12. O Brahmā, then the gods, making Mount Mandara the churning rod and Vāsuki the rope, began to churn the ocean—the treasure-house of waters—together with the Daityas and Dānavas, seeking the nectar.

Words meanings summery:

• मन्थानम् (manthānam) - churning rod (churning rod, churner)

• मन्दरम् (mandaram) - Mandara (mountain)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

• तथा (tathā) - and, similarly (and, similarly, thus)

• नेत्रम् (netram) - rope (for churning) (rope, leading, eye)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वासुकिम् (vāsukim) - Vāsuki (Vāsuki (the serpent king))

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• मथितुम् (mathitum) - to churn

• आरब्धाः (ārabdhāḥ) - began (used as a finite verb with the infinitive mathitum) (begun, started)

• समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

• निधिम् (nidhim) - treasure-house, receptacle (treasure, store, receptacle, home)

• अम्भसाम् (ambhasām) - of waters

• अमृतार्थिनः (amṛtārthinaḥ) - seeking the nectar of immortality (seeking nectar, desirous of immortality)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmā (addressing an elder/wise person) (O Brahmā, O Brāhmaṇa)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together with (accompanied by, together with)

• दैत्यदानवाः (daityadānavāḥ) - Daityas and Dānavas

Words meanings and morphology

मन्थानम् (manthānam) - churning rod (churning rod, churner)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manthāna

manthāna - churning, churning stick/rod

action noun

from root manth (to churn)

Root: manth (class 1)

मन्दरम् (mandaram) - Mandara (mountain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mandara

mandara - Mandara mountain (used for churning the ocean); slow, gentle

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - and, similarly (and, similarly, thus)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle

नेत्रम् (netram) - rope (for churning) (rope, leading, eye)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of netra

netra - eye, leader, guide, rope (for churning)

Root: nī (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वासुकिम् (vāsukim) - Vāsuki (Vāsuki (the serpent king))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsuki

vāsuki - Vāsuki (name of a serpent king)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

मथितुम् (mathitum) - to churn

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of math

Root: math (class 1)

आरब्धाः (ārabdhāḥ) - began (used as a finite verb with the infinitive mathitum) (begun, started)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārabdha

ārabdha - begun, started, undertaken

past passive participle

from ā-rabh (to begin)

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: used here as a predicate to 'devāḥ' forming a construction equivalent to 'they began to churn'

समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean (ocean, sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

निधिम् (nidhim) - treasure-house, receptacle (treasure, store, receptacle, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nidhi

nidhi - treasure, store, receptacle, home, accumulation

action noun

from ni-dhā (to place, deposit)

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Appositive to samudram

अम्भसाम् (ambhasām) - of waters

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of ambhas

ambhas - water

अमृतार्थिनः (amṛtārthinaḥ) - seeking the nectar of immortality (seeking nectar, desirous of immortality)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amṛtārthin

amṛtārthin - seeking nectar, desirous of immortality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amṛta+arthin)

• amṛta – nectar, immortality; immortal
  noun (neuter)
  Negation of mṛta (dead)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛ (class 10)
• arthin – seeking, desirous, petitioner
  adjective (masculine)
  from artha (purpose, object)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ, daityadānavāḥ (implied collective agent)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmā (addressing an elder/wise person) (O Brahmā, O Brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god); a Brāhmaṇa; sacred word/knowledge

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together with (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, connected with, together with

past passive participle

from sa-dhā (to put together) or simply sa- + hita

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ (implied that they were together with Daityas and Dānavas)

दैत्यदानवाः (daityadānavāḥ) - Daityas and Dānavas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daityadānava

daityadānava - Daityas and Dānavas (classes of Asuras)

Compound type : dvandva (daitya+dānava)

• daitya – a son of Diti (a class of demons)
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – a son of Danu (a class of demons)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms a collective agent with 'devāḥ'