योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-97, verse-26

अधश्चोर्ध्वं च धावन्तश्चक्रावर्तविवर्तनैः ।
सर्वे तृणवदुह्यन्ते मूढा मोहभवाम्बुधौ ॥ २६ ॥

adhaścordhvaṃ ca dhāvantaścakrāvartavivartanaiḥ ,
sarve tṛṇavaduhyante mūḍhā mohabhavāmbudhau 26

26. adhaḥ ca ūrdhvam ca dhāvantaḥ cakrāvartavivartanaiḥ
sarve tṛṇavat uhyante mūḍhāḥ mohabhavāmbudhau

26. mūḍhāḥ adhāḥ ca ūrdhvam ca dhāvantaḥ cakrāvartavivartanaiḥ
mohabhavāmbudhau sarve tṛṇavat uhyante

26. The deluded ones (mūḍhāḥ), rushing downwards and upwards amidst the swirling turns of a whirlpool, are all carried away like blades of grass in the ocean of delusion (moha) and repeated existence (saṃsāra).

Words meanings summery:

• अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards (below, downwards)

• च (ca) - and

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards (upwards, above)

• च (ca) - and

• धावन्तः (dhāvantaḥ) - rushing (running, rushing)

• चक्रावर्तविवर्तनैः (cakrāvartavivartanaiḥ) - by the swirling turns of a whirlpool (by the turns of a whirlpool, by revolving movements like a wheel)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• तृणवत् (tṛṇavat) - like blades of grass (like grass, like a blade of grass)

• उह्यन्ते (uhyante) - are carried away (they are carried, they are borne)

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - the deluded ones (deluded ones, fools, ignorant ones)

• मोहभवाम्बुधौ (mohabhavāmbudhau) - in the ocean of delusion (moha) and repeated existence (saṃsāra) (in the ocean of delusion and existence/becoming)

Words meanings and morphology

अधः (adhaḥ) - downwards (below, downwards)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards (upwards, above)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here, from neuter accusative singular.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धावन्तः (dhāvantaḥ) - rushing (running, rushing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhāvat

dhāvat - running, moving swiftly

Present Active Participle

Derived from root dhāv- (to run), P.P. -at

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mūḍhāḥ'.

चक्रावर्तविवर्तनैः (cakrāvartavivartanaiḥ) - by the swirling turns of a whirlpool (by the turns of a whirlpool, by revolving movements like a wheel)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of cakrāvartavivartana

cakrāvartavivartana - turning movement like a wheel's rotation or a whirlpool's eddy

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (cakra+āvarta+vivartana)

• cakra – wheel, disk, circle
  noun (neuter)
• āvarta – whirlpool, eddy, turn, revolution
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-vṛt- (to turn)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• vivartana – turning, revolving, change
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from vi-vṛt- (to turn, revolve)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Refers to 'mūḍhāḥ'.

तृणवत् (tṛṇavat) - like blades of grass (like grass, like a blade of grass)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tṛṇa (grass) with the suffix -vat (like)

उह्यन्ते (uhyante) - are carried away (they are carried, they are borne)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of vah

Present Passive

Passive form of root vah- (to carry)

Root: vah (class 1)

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - the deluded ones (deluded ones, fools, ignorant ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - deluded, confused, ignorant, foolish

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muh- (to be deluded)

Root: muh (class 4)

मोहभवाम्बुधौ (mohabhavāmbudhau) - in the ocean of delusion (moha) and repeated existence (saṃsāra) (in the ocean of delusion and existence/becoming)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mohabhavāmbudhi

mohabhavāmbudhi - ocean of delusion and existence

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (moha+bhava+ambudhi)

• moha – delusion, infatuation, confusion
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root muh- (to be deluded)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• bhava – existence, being, birth, saṃsāra
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bhū- (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ambudhi – ocean, sea (bearer of water)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: ambu (water) + dhi (holding)