योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-68, verse-19

इदमद्यतनं नाम प्रत्यक्षमसदुत्थितम् ।
असत्प्रत्यक्षमेवेति विद्धि प्रत्यक्षमङ्ग तत् ॥ १९ ॥

idamadyatanaṃ nāma pratyakṣamasadutthitam ,
asatpratyakṣameveti viddhi pratyakṣamaṅga tat 19

19. idam adyatanam nāma pratyakṣam asat utthitam
asatpratyakṣam eva iti viddhi pratyakṣam aṅga tat

19. aṅga,
idam adyatanam nāma pratyakṣam asat utthitam (asti).
tat asatpratyakṣam eva iti pratyakṣam viddhi.

19. This so-called "present direct perception" has arisen from the unreal. Therefore, dear one, understand that this perception itself is indeed an unreal perception.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• अद्यतनम् (adyatanam) - present, contemporary, of today

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, so-called

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - direct perception, sensory perception

• असत् (asat) - unreal, non-existent, false

• उत्थितम् (utthitam) - arisen, emerged, sprung up

• असत्प्रत्यक्षम् (asatpratyakṣam) - unreal perception, false perception

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that (introduces direct or indirect speech)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - here functioning as a noun, the object of 'viddhi' (perception)

• अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, my friend

• तत् (tat) - that, it

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अद्यतनम् (adyatanam) - present, contemporary, of today

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adyatana

adyatana - present, modern, of today

Derived from adya (today) with the suffix -tana

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, so-called

(indeclinable)

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - direct perception, sensory perception

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - direct perception, perceptible, evident

असत् (asat) - unreal, non-existent, false

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - unreal, non-existent, false

Negation of sat (existent, real)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, good, true
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root as- (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

उत्थितम् (utthitam) - arisen, emerged, sprung up

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, emerged, stood up

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā- (to stand) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

असत्प्रत्यक्षम् (asatpratyakṣam) - unreal perception, false perception

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asatpratyakṣa

asatpratyakṣa - unreal perception, false perception

Compound type : karmadhāraya (asat+pratyakṣa)

• asat – unreal, non-existent
  adjective (neuter)
• pratyakṣa – direct perception
  noun (neuter)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that (introduces direct or indirect speech)

(indeclinable)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative 2nd person singular of root vid- (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - here functioning as a noun, the object of 'viddhi' (perception)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - direct perception, perceptible, evident

अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, my friend

(indeclinable)

Used as an interjection or vocative particle

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, she, he