योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-5, verse-21

अक्षयोऽयं मनागात्मा स्वात्मन्यवगते चिरम् ।
भवतीति नरस्येह मोहस्यावसरः कुतः ॥ २१ ॥

akṣayo'yaṃ manāgātmā svātmanyavagate ciram ,
bhavatīti narasyeha mohasyāvasaraḥ kutaḥ 21

21. akṣayaḥ ayam manāk ātmā sva ātmani avagate ciram
bhavati iti narasya iha mohasya avasaraḥ kutaḥ

21. ayam akṣayaḥ ātmā manāk sva ātmani avagate ciram
bhavati iti iha narasya mohasya avasaraḥ kutaḥ

21. This imperishable self (ātman), when it is understood even slightly as one's own self (ātman), truly exists eternally. Thus, for a person in this world, where is the scope for delusion?

Words meanings summery:

• अक्षयः (akṣayaḥ) - imperishable, eternal, inexhaustible

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• मनाक् (manāk) - a little, slightly, subtly

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul, supreme spirit (ātman)

• स्व (sva) - one's own

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - in one's own self (ātman)

• अवगते (avagate) - being understood, having been realized

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, eternally, permanently

• भवति (bhavati) - truly exists eternally (becomes, exists, truly is)

• इति (iti) - thus, this (marks the preceding clause)

• नरस्य (narasya) - of a person

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• मोहस्य (mohasya) - of delusion, illusion

• अवसरः (avasaraḥ) - opportunity, scope, occasion

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, why

Words meanings and morphology

अक्षयः (akṣayaḥ) - imperishable, eternal, inexhaustible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, eternal

Negative compound: a- (not) + kṣaya (perishable, destruction)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kṣaya – perishing, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  from √kṣi (to destroy)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ātmā'.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with 'ātmā'.

मनाक् (manāk) - a little, slightly, subtly

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'avagate' (understood).

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self, soul, supreme spirit (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, supreme spirit, essence, nature

Note: Subject of the first clause.

स्व (sva) - one's own

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property

Note: First part of the compound 'svātmani'.

आत्मनि (ātmani) - in one's own self (ātman)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, supreme spirit, essence, nature

Note: Second part of the compound 'svātmani', meaning 'in one's own self (ātman)'. Part of a locative absolute construction 'svātmani avagate'.

अवगते (avagate) - being understood, having been realized

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avagata

avagata - understood, known, perceived

Past Passive Participle

from ava- + gam (to go, to understand)

Prefix: ava

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction ('svātmani avagate'), indicating 'when [it] is understood'.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, eternally, permanently

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - truly exists eternally (becomes, exists, truly is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Its subject is 'ayam ātmā', indicating the self truly exists eternally when recognized.

इति (iti) - thus, this (marks the preceding clause)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the causal clause ('because this is so').

नरस्य (narasya) - of a person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to this world or present condition.

मोहस्य (mohasya) - of delusion, illusion

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, bewilderment, error

from √muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Possessive genitive.

अवसरः (avasaraḥ) - opportunity, scope, occasion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avasara

avasara - opportunity, scope, occasion, juncture

from ava- + sṛ (to move)

Prefix: ava

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the question.

कुतः (kutaḥ) - whence, from where, why

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.