योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-22, verse-12

अन्धकारमयी मूका जाड्यजर्जरितान्तरा ।
तनुत्वमेति संसारवासनेवोदये क्षपा ॥ १२ ॥

andhakāramayī mūkā jāḍyajarjaritāntarā ,
tanutvameti saṃsāravāsanevodaye kṣapā 12

12. andhakāramayī mūkā jāḍyajarjaritāntarā
tanutvam eti saṃsāravāsanā iva udaye kṣapā

12. andhakāramayī mūkā jāḍyajarjaritāntarā
saṃsāravāsanā kṣapā iva udaye tanutvam eti

12. Just as night (kṣapā), which is full of darkness, mute, and internally shattered by dullness, becomes thin at dawn, so too does the latent impression of transmigration (saṃsāravāsanā).

Words meanings summery:

• अन्धकारमयी (andhakāramayī) - full of spiritual darkness or ignorance (full of darkness, enveloped in darkness)

• मूका (mūkā) - incapable of clear expression or communication (mute, silent, dumb)

• जाड्यजर्जरितान्तरा (jāḍyajarjaritāntarā) - whose inner core is debilitated by spiritual inertia or ignorance (whose interior is shattered/worn out by dullness/inertia)

• तनुत्वम् (tanutvam) - a state of becoming weak or diminishing in influence (thinness, diminution, leanness)

• एति (eti) - becomes, approaches a state of (goes, comes, attains, becomes)

• संसारवासना (saṁsāravāsanā) - the subconscious habitual tendencies that bind one to the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra) (latent impression of transmigration/cyclic existence)

• इव (iva) - used for comparison (like, as if, as)

• उदये (udaye) - at the dawn of knowledge or spiritual awakening (at the rise, at the dawning, at the appearance)

• क्षपा (kṣapā) - night, as an example of something that diminishes with dawn (night)

Words meanings and morphology

अन्धकारमयी (andhakāramayī) - full of spiritual darkness or ignorance (full of darkness, enveloped in darkness)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of andhakāramayī

andhakāramayin - full of darkness, consisting of darkness

derived from 'andhakāra' (darkness) with the suffix 'mayin' indicating 'full of' or 'consisting of'. 'ī' is feminine ending.

Note: Modifies 'saṃsāravāsanā' and 'kṣapā'

मूका (mūkā) - incapable of clear expression or communication (mute, silent, dumb)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mūka

mūka - mute, dumb, silent, speechless

Note: Modifies 'saṃsāravāsanā' and 'kṣapā'

जाड्यजर्जरितान्तरा (jāḍyajarjaritāntarā) - whose inner core is debilitated by spiritual inertia or ignorance (whose interior is shattered/worn out by dullness/inertia)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāḍyajarjaritāntara

jāḍyajarjaritāntara - whose interior is worn out by dullness

Bahuvrihi compound: 'jāḍya' (dullness) + 'jarjarita' (shattered) + 'antara' (interior)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jāḍya+jarjarita+antara)

• jāḍya – dullness, inertia, stupidity
  noun (neuter)
  derived from jaḍa
• jarjarita – shattered, worn out, enfeebled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root jarj with -ita suffix
  Root: jarj (class 10)
• antara – interior, within, interval, another
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'saṃsāravāsanā' and 'kṣapā'

तनुत्वम् (tanutvam) - a state of becoming weak or diminishing in influence (thinness, diminution, leanness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tanutva

tanutva - thinness, leanness, slightness, diminution

derived from 'tanu' (thin) with -tva suffix

Note: Object of the verb 'eti'

एति (eti) - becomes, approaches a state of (goes, comes, attains, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Active Indicative

Root: i (class 2)

संसारवासना (saṁsāravāsanā) - the subconscious habitual tendencies that bind one to the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra) (latent impression of transmigration/cyclic existence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃsāravāsanā

saṁsāravāsanā - latent impression of cyclic existence; habitual tendency of transmigration

Tatpurusha compound: 'saṃsāra' (transmigration) + 'vāsanā' (latent impression)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃsāra+vāsanā)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cyclic existence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• vāsanā – latent impression, habit, tendency, desire
  noun (feminine)
  from root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence, being compared to 'kṣapā'

इव (iva) - used for comparison (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

उदये (udaye) - at the dawn of knowledge or spiritual awakening (at the rise, at the dawning, at the appearance)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rise, dawning, appearance, prosperity

derived from ud-i (to rise)

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to the time of dawn, metaphorically the dawn of spiritual awakening.

क्षपा (kṣapā) - night, as an example of something that diminishes with dawn (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣapā

kṣapā - night

Note: The object of comparison (upameya)