योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-57, verse-21

श्रीराम उवाच ।
ब्रह्मँल्लोकैः पुरस्थस्य गच्छतो योगिनो निजम् ।
आतिवाहिकतां देहः कीदृशोऽयं विलोक्यते ॥ २१ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
brahmaṃllokaiḥ purasthasya gacchato yogino nijam ,
ātivāhikatāṃ dehaḥ kīdṛśo'yaṃ vilokyate 21

21. śrīrāma uvāca brahman lokaiḥ purasthasya gacchataḥ
yoginaḥ nijam ātivāhikatām dehaḥ kīdṛśaḥ ayam vilokyate

21. śrīrāma uvāca.
brahman! lokaiḥ purasthasya gacchataḥ yoginaḥ nijam ātivāhikatām ayam dehaḥ kīdṛśaḥ vilokyate?

21. Śrī Rāma said: O Brahman, what kind of body is this that is truly observed by people, when it is the subtle body (ātivāhikatā) of a yogi who is physically present in the city and appears to be moving?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma (Lord Rama)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman (addressing Vasiṣṭha) (O Brahman, O venerable one)

• लोकैः (lokaiḥ) - by people (by the people, by the worlds)

• पुरस्थस्य (purasthasya) - of one physically present in the city (of one dwelling in a city, of one who is present)

• गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of one who appears to be moving (of one who is going, moving)

• योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - of the yogi (of the yogi, of the practitioner of yoga)

• निजम् (nijam) - truly, intrinsically (adverbial use) (one's own, proper, natural)

• आतिवाहिकताम् (ātivāhikatām) - as the subtle body (ātivāhikatā) (the state of being a subtle body, subtlety of form)

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body (body, form)

• कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind (what kind, of what sort, how)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

• विलोक्यते (vilokyate) - is observed (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma (Lord Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rama

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – prosperity, glory, divine grace, venerable
  adjective (feminine)
• rāma – Rama (a Hindu deity), pleasant, charming
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman (addressing Vasiṣṭha) (O Brahman, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman (the Absolute), priest, venerable one

n-stem noun.

Note: Vocative form.

लोकैः (lokaiḥ) - by people (by the people, by the worlds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, region, realm

Masculine a-ending noun.

Note: Agent in passive construction.

पुरस्थस्य (purasthasya) - of one physically present in the city (of one dwelling in a city, of one who is present)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of purastha

purastha - dwelling in a city, present, situated in front

Compound pur (city) + stha (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pur+stha)

• pur – city, town
  noun (feminine)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes yoginaḥ.

गच्छतः (gacchataḥ) - of one who appears to be moving (of one who is going, moving)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes yoginaḥ.

योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - of the yogi (of the yogi, of the practitioner of yoga)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yogin

yogin - yogi, ascetic, practitioner of yoga (yoga)

n-stem masculine noun.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Pertains to the body being observed.

निजम् (nijam) - truly, intrinsically (adverbial use) (one's own, proper, natural)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

Note: Accusative neuter singular form used adverbially.

आतिवाहिकताम् (ātivāhikatām) - as the subtle body (ātivāhikatā) (the state of being a subtle body, subtlety of form)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ātivāhikatā

ātivāhikatā - the state of being a subtle body, the quality of being a vehicle or subtle form

From ātivāhika + suffix tā (abstract noun). ātivāhika means "subtle, ethereal, serving as a vehicle".

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Describes the nature in which the body is seen.

देहः (dehaḥ) - body (body, form)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form

Masculine a-ending noun.

Root: dih (class 5)

कीदृशः (kīdṛśaḥ) - what kind (what kind, of what sort, how)

(interrogative adjective)

Note: Predicate adjective to dehaḥ.

अयम् (ayam) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agrees with dehaḥ.

विलोक्यते (vilokyate) - is observed (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vi-lok

Present passive indicative

3rd person singular, Ātmanepada, passive construction.

Prefix: vi

Root: lok (class 10)

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