योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-53, verse-23

प्रबुद्धलीलोवाच ।
ते भृत्यास्ताश्च वै दास्यः स राजा च प्रबुद्धवान् ।
वक्ष्यन्ति वदतां देवि किं कयैव कथं धिया ॥ २३ ॥

prabuddhalīlovāca ,
te bhṛtyāstāśca vai dāsyaḥ sa rājā ca prabuddhavān ,
vakṣyanti vadatāṃ devi kiṃ kayaiva kathaṃ dhiyā 23

23. prabuddhalīlaḥ uvāca te bhṛtyāḥ
tāḥ ca vai dāsyaḥ saḥ rājā ca
prabuddhavān vakṣyanti vadatām
devi kim kayā eva katham dhiyā

23. prabuddhalīlaḥ uvāca: devi,
te bhṛtyāḥ,
tāḥ ca vai dāsyaḥ,
saḥ ca prabuddhavān rājā vadatām kim,
kayā eva,
katham dhiyā vakṣyanti?

23. Prabuddhalīla said: "Those servants, those maidservants, and that awakened king—what will they say when speaking, O goddess, by what means and with what understanding?"

Words meanings summery:

• प्रबुद्धलीलः (prabuddhalīlaḥ) - The character speaking in the verse. (Prabuddhalīla (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ते (te) - Refers to the male servants. (those (masculine plural nominative))

• भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - servants, dependents

• ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the female maidservants. (those (feminine plural nominative))

• च (ca) - and

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• दास्यः (dāsyaḥ) - maidservants, female slaves

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the king. (that, he (masculine singular nominative))

• राजा (rājā) - king

• च (ca) - and

• प्रबुद्धवान् (prabuddhavān) - Refers to the king, implying he has gained spiritual insight. (awakened, enlightened (masculine singular nominative))

• वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - they will say, they will speak

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who are speaking, when speaking

• देवि (devi) - Addressed to Śrīdevī. (O goddess)

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कया (kayā) - By what means or instrument. (by what (feminine singular instrumental))

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed (emphatic particle)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• धिया (dhiyā) - by thought, with intelligence, with understanding

Words meanings and morphology

प्रबुद्धलीलः (prabuddhalīlaḥ) - The character speaking in the verse. (Prabuddhalīla (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabuddhalīla

prabuddhalīla - awakened play/sport, a proper name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpurusha (prabuddha+līla)

• prabuddha – awakened, enlightened, fully bloomed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'budh' (to awaken, perceive) with prefix 'pra-' and suffix '-ta'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)
• līla – play, sport, divine play
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

Root 'vac' (to speak), 3rd person singular active perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

ते (te) - Refers to the male servants. (those (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - servants, dependents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependant, hireling

Gerundive (passive future participle)

Derived from root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support, maintain) with suffix '-tya'. Often used as a noun meaning 'one who is to be maintained/supported', i.e., a servant.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

ताः (tāḥ) - Refers to the female maidservants. (those (feminine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

दास्यः (dāsyaḥ) - maidservants, female slaves

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dāsī

dāsī - maidservant, female slave

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the king. (that, he (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रबुद्धवान् (prabuddhavān) - Refers to the king, implying he has gained spiritual insight. (awakened, enlightened (masculine singular nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabuddhavat

prabuddhavat - awakened, enlightened, wise

Past Active Participle

Derived from root 'budh' (to awaken, perceive) with prefix 'pra-' and suffix '-vat' for past active participle.

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā'.

वक्ष्यन्ति (vakṣyanti) - they will say, they will speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future tense

Root 'vac' (to speak), 3rd person plural active future.

Root: vac (class 2)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those who are speaking, when speaking

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying

present active participle

Derived from root 'vad' (to speak) with suffix '-at'.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Can be interpreted as 'among those who speak' or 'while they are speaking'.

देवि (devi) - Addressed to Śrīdevī. (O goddess)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, whether

कया (kayā) - By what means or instrument. (by what (feminine singular instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who?, what?, which?

Note: Refers to an implied feminine noun like 'upāyena' (means) or 'vākā' (speech).

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

धिया (dhiyā) - by thought, with intelligence, with understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhī

dhī - thought, intellect, understanding, mind, intelligence

Root: dhā (class 3)

Previous Verse Next Verse