योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-37, verse-31

काशैस्तद्देहकाः क्रांता अदृश्यैर्मायया खगैः ।
निर्धूतपक्षैः क्षुभितैः पवनैरिव पांसवः ॥ ३१ ॥

kāśaistaddehakāḥ krāṃtā adṛśyairmāyayā khagaiḥ ,
nirdhūtapakṣaiḥ kṣubhitaiḥ pavanairiva pāṃsavaḥ 31

31. kāśaiḥ tat-dehakāḥ krāntāḥ adṛśyaiḥ māyayā khagaiḥ
nirdhūtapaskṣaiḥ kṣubhitaiḥ pavanaiḥ iva pāṃsavaḥ

31. tat-dehakāḥ adṛśyaiḥ māyayā khagaiḥ kāśaiḥ krāntāḥ,
pāṃsavaḥ iva nirdhūtapaskṣaiḥ kṣubhitaiḥ pavanaiḥ [krāntāḥ]

31. Their bodies were assailed by invisible, illusory (māyā) beings with their projectiles, just as dust particles are scattered by agitated winds, whose very force (lit. 'wings') had been violently disrupted.

Words meanings summery:

• काशैः (kāśaiḥ) - by projectiles (used by the illusory beings) (by reeds, by arrows, by projectiles)

• तत्-देहकाः (tat-dehakāḥ) - the bodies of the enemies (their bodies, those bodies)

• क्रान्ताः (krāntāḥ) - were assailed/overwhelmed (assailed, attacked, overcome, pervaded)

• अदृश्यैः (adṛśyaiḥ) - by invisible (beings) (by invisible ones, by unseen)

• मायया (māyayā) - through illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic, by artifice)

• खगैः (khagaiḥ) - by (magical, flying) beings/projectiles (by birds, by those moving in the sky)

• निर्धूतपस्क्षैः (nirdhūtapaskṣaiḥ) - by (winds) whose force/form had been violently disrupted (by those whose wings are shaken/blown off; by those whose sides are agitated)

• क्षुभितैः (kṣubhitaiḥ) - by agitated (winds) (by agitated, by disturbed, by stirred)

• पवनैः (pavanaiḥ) - by winds (by winds, by airs)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• पांसवः (pāṁsavaḥ) - dust particles (dust particles, powder)

Words meanings and morphology

काशैः (kāśaiḥ) - by projectiles (used by the illusory beings) (by reeds, by arrows, by projectiles)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāśa

kāśa - a kind of reed or grass, a projectile, an arrow

तत्-देहकाः (tat-dehakāḥ) - the bodies of the enemies (their bodies, those bodies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tat-dehaka

tat-dehaka - their body

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tat+dehaka)

• tat – that, their
  pronoun (neuter)
• dehaka – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the bodies of the enemies/Saalva's followers.

क्रान्ताः (krāntāḥ) - were assailed/overwhelmed (assailed, attacked, overcome, pervaded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krānta

krānta - assailed, attacked, overcome, pervaded, gone over

Past Passive Participle

derived from root kram (to step, go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tat-dehakāḥ'.

अदृश्यैः (adṛśyaiḥ) - by invisible (beings) (by invisible ones, by unseen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of adṛśya

adṛśya - invisible, unseen

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Negation 'a' + root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix '-ya'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'khagaiḥ'.

मायया (māyayā) - through illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic, by artifice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power (māyā), artifice

Note: Indicates the means by which the birds were invisible.

खगैः (khagaiḥ) - by (magical, flying) beings/projectiles (by birds, by those moving in the sky)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of khaga

khaga - bird, one moving in the sky, planet, arrow

compound of kha (sky) and ga (going)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+ga)

• kha – sky, space, ether, zero
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the invisible attacking entities, perhaps magical aerial creatures or devices.

निर्धूतपस्क्षैः (nirdhūtapaskṣaiḥ) - by (winds) whose force/form had been violently disrupted (by those whose wings are shaken/blown off; by those whose sides are agitated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nirdhūtapaskṣa

nirdhūtapaskṣa - whose wings are shaken off/blown away; having disturbed sides/aspects

bahuvrihi compound: nir (away) + dhūta (shaken/blown) + pakṣa (wing/side)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+dhūta+pakṣa)

• nir – out, away, devoid of
  indeclinable
  prefix
• dhūta – shaken, stirred, blown away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhū (to shake)
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• pakṣa – wing, side, party, aspect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'pavanaiḥ'.

क्षुभितैः (kṣubhitaiḥ) - by agitated (winds) (by agitated, by disturbed, by stirred)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣubhita

kṣubhita - agitated, disturbed, stirred, trembling

Past Passive Participle

from root kṣubh (to tremble, be agitated)

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pavanaiḥ'.

पवनैः (pavanaiḥ) - by winds (by winds, by airs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pavana

pavana - wind, air, purifier

from root pū (to purify, blow)

Root: pū (class 9)

Note: The agent in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

पांसवः (pāṁsavaḥ) - dust particles (dust particles, powder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṃsu

pāṁsu - dust, sand, powder

Note: The object being scattered in the simile.

Previous Verse Next Verse