योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-37, verse-2

एते चान्ये च बहवस्तत्र भस्मत्वमागताः ।
प्रविशन्तः प्रयत्नेन शलभा इव पावके ॥ २ ॥

ete cānye ca bahavastatra bhasmatvamāgatāḥ ,
praviśantaḥ prayatnena śalabhā iva pāvake 2

2. ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ tatra bhasmatvam āgatāḥ
praviśantaḥ prayatnena śalabhāḥ iva pāvake

2. ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ tatra śalabhāḥ iva
prayatnena pāvake praviśantaḥ bhasmatvam āgatāḥ

2. These, and many other (warriors), were reduced to ashes there, forcefully rushing in like moths into a fire.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - Refers to a group of warriors previously mentioned or implied. (these, these ones)

• च (ca) - Connects 'these' with 'others'. (and, also)

• अन्ये (anye) - Refers to additional warriors. (others, other ones)

• च (ca) - Connects 'others' with 'many'. (and, also)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - Refers to a large number of warriors. (many, numerous)

• तत्र (tatra) - Refers to the battle mentioned in the previous verse. (there, in that place)

• भस्मत्वम् (bhasmatvam) - The result of the warriors' destruction. (state of being ash, ash-ness)

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - The warriors reached the state of being ashes. (having come, having reached, arrived at)

• प्रविशन्तः (praviśantaḥ) - Describes the action of the warriors (like moths). (entering, going into)

• प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - Emphasizes the eager and forceful way the warriors (like moths) entered their doom. (with effort, diligently, strenuously, intentionally)

• शलभाः (śalabhāḥ) - Part of the simile, comparing warriors to moths. (moths, locusts)

• इव (iva) - Indicates comparison. (like, as if, as)

• पावके (pāvake) - The destructive element in the simile. (in fire)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - Refers to a group of warriors previously mentioned or implied. (these, these ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - Connects 'these' with 'others'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - Refers to additional warriors. (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Indefinite pronoun.

Note: Subject.

च (ca) - Connects 'others' with 'many'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - Refers to a large number of warriors. (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Subject.

तत्र (tatra) - Refers to the battle mentioned in the previous verse. (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that).

भस्मत्वम् (bhasmatvam) - The result of the warriors' destruction. (state of being ash, ash-ness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhasmatva

bhasmatva - ash-ness, state of being ash, reduction to ashes

Derived from `bhasma` (ash) with suffix `-tva`.

Note: Object of `āgatāḥ`.

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - The warriors reached the state of being ashes. (having come, having reached, arrived at)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-√gam` (to come, arrive).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Matches `ete`, `anye`, `bahavaḥ`.

प्रविशन्तः (praviśantaḥ) - Describes the action of the warriors (like moths). (entering, going into)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praviśant

praviśant - entering, going into

Present Active Participle

From `pra-√viś` (to enter).

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

प्रयत्नेन (prayatnena) - Emphasizes the eager and forceful way the warriors (like moths) entered their doom. (with effort, diligently, strenuously, intentionally)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

From `pra-√yat` (to exert oneself).

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Modifies `praviśantaḥ`.

शलभाः (śalabhāḥ) - Part of the simile, comparing warriors to moths. (moths, locusts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śalabha

śalabha - moth, locust, grasshopper

Root: śalabh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - Indicates comparison. (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

पावके (pāvake) - The destructive element in the simile. (in fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purifier

From `pū` (to purify).

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Place where moths enter.