योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-37, verse-25

आकाशगार्णवप्रख्यो वहच्छककदम्बकः ।
अकरोत्पारसीकानां घननैशतमोभ्रमम् ॥ २५ ॥

ākāśagārṇavaprakhyo vahacchakakadambakaḥ ,
akarotpārasīkānāṃ ghananaiśatamobhramam 25

25. ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ
akarot pārasīkānām ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam

25. ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ
pārasīkānām ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam akarot

25. The moving multitude of Śakas, resembling a sky-going ocean, caused among the Pārasīkas an illusion of dense nightly darkness.

25. המון לוחמי שָׁאָקָה המתקדם, הדומה לאוקיינוס המרחף בשמיים, יצר עבור לוחמי פָּארָסִיקָה (הפרסים) אשליה של חשכת לילה סמיכה.

Words meanings summery:

• आकाश-ग-अर्णव-प्रख्यः (ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ) - like a vast, moving celestial ocean, referring to the overwhelming numbers and movement of the Śaka army (resembling a sky-going ocean)

• वहन्त् (vahant) - moving, carrying, flowing

• शक-कदम्बकः (śaka-kadambakaḥ) - the army/horde of Śakas (multitude/collection of Śakas)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he/she/it made/did/caused

• पारसीकानाम् (pārasīkānām) - of the Pārasīkas (Persians)

• घन-नैश-तमस्-भ्रमम् (ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam) - a profound delusion of overwhelming darkness, like an impenetrable night, causing confusion and dread (illusion of dense nightly darkness)

Words meanings and morphology

आकाश-ग-अर्णव-प्रख्यः (ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ) - like a vast, moving celestial ocean, referring to the overwhelming numbers and movement of the Śaka army (resembling a sky-going ocean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhya

ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhya - resembling an ocean in the sky

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākāśa-ga+arṇava+prakhya)

• ākāśa – sky, space, ether
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, pertaining to
  adjective
  agent noun
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
• prakhya – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective
  From pra-khyā (to appear, seem)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies `vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ`.

वहन्त् (vahant) - moving, carrying, flowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahant

vahant - moving, carrying, flowing

Present Active Participle

From root vah (to carry, flow, move)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: This is the stem of the participle, which forms the compound `vahac-chaka-kadambakaḥ` in sandhi.

शक-कदम्बकः (śaka-kadambakaḥ) - the army/horde of Śakas (multitude/collection of Śakas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaka-kadambaka

śaka-kadambaka - multitude of Śakas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaka+kadambaka)

• śaka – Śaka (a people/tribe, Scythians)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kadambaka – multitude, collection, group
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence. `vahant` (moving) is an adjective to this.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he/she/it made/did/caused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, augment a-

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पारसीकानाम् (pārasīkānām) - of the Pārasīkas (Persians)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārasīka

pārasīka - Persian, inhabitant of Persia

Note: Indicates to whom the illusion was caused.

घन-नैश-तमस्-भ्रमम् (ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam) - a profound delusion of overwhelming darkness, like an impenetrable night, causing confusion and dread (illusion of dense nightly darkness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhrama

ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhrama - illusion of dense night darkness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ghana+naiśa+tamas+bhrama)

• ghana – dense, thick, dark, solid
  adjective
• naiśa – nightly, nocturnal, of the night
  adjective
  Derived from niśā (night) with -a suffix
• tamas – darkness, gloom, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• bhrama – illusion, delusion, error, whirl
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhram (to wander, to err)
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Direct object of `akarot`.

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