योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-37, verse-25

आकाशगार्णवप्रख्यो वहच्छककदम्बकः ।
अकरोत्पारसीकानां घननैशतमोभ्रमम् ॥ २५ ॥

ākāśagārṇavaprakhyo vahacchakakadambakaḥ ,
akarotpārasīkānāṃ ghananaiśatamobhramam 25

25. ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ
akarot pārasīkānām ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam

25. ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ
pārasīkānām ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam akarot

25. The moving multitude of Śakas, resembling a sky-going ocean, caused among the Pārasīkas an illusion of dense nightly darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• आकाश-ग-अर्णव-प्रख्यः (ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ) - like a vast, moving celestial ocean, referring to the overwhelming numbers and movement of the Śaka army (resembling a sky-going ocean)

• वहन्त् (vahant) - moving, carrying, flowing

• शक-कदम्बकः (śaka-kadambakaḥ) - the army/horde of Śakas (multitude/collection of Śakas)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he/she/it made/did/caused

• पारसीकानाम् (pārasīkānām) - of the Pārasīkas (Persians)

• घन-नैश-तमस्-भ्रमम् (ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam) - a profound delusion of overwhelming darkness, like an impenetrable night, causing confusion and dread (illusion of dense nightly darkness)

Words meanings and morphology

आकाश-ग-अर्णव-प्रख्यः (ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhyaḥ) - like a vast, moving celestial ocean, referring to the overwhelming numbers and movement of the Śaka army (resembling a sky-going ocean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhya

ākāśa-ga-arṇava-prakhya - resembling an ocean in the sky

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākāśa-ga+arṇava+prakhya)

• ākāśa – sky, space, ether
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, pertaining to
  adjective
  agent noun
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
• prakhya – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective
  From pra-khyā (to appear, seem)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies `vahant śaka-kadambakaḥ`.

वहन्त् (vahant) - moving, carrying, flowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahant

vahant - moving, carrying, flowing

Present Active Participle

From root vah (to carry, flow, move)

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: This is the stem of the participle, which forms the compound `vahac-chaka-kadambakaḥ` in sandhi.

शक-कदम्बकः (śaka-kadambakaḥ) - the army/horde of Śakas (multitude/collection of Śakas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaka-kadambaka

śaka-kadambaka - multitude of Śakas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaka+kadambaka)

• śaka – Śaka (a people/tribe, Scythians)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kadambaka – multitude, collection, group
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence. `vahant` (moving) is an adjective to this.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he/she/it made/did/caused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, augment a-

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पारसीकानाम् (pārasīkānām) - of the Pārasīkas (Persians)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārasīka

pārasīka - Persian, inhabitant of Persia

Note: Indicates to whom the illusion was caused.

घन-नैश-तमस्-भ्रमम् (ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhramam) - a profound delusion of overwhelming darkness, like an impenetrable night, causing confusion and dread (illusion of dense nightly darkness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhrama

ghana-naiśa-tamas-bhrama - illusion of dense night darkness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ghana+naiśa+tamas+bhrama)

• ghana – dense, thick, dark, solid
  adjective
• naiśa – nightly, nocturnal, of the night
  adjective
  Derived from niśā (night) with -a suffix
• tamas – darkness, gloom, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• bhrama – illusion, delusion, error, whirl
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhram (to wander, to err)
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Direct object of `akarot`.

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