योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-100, verse-4

अप्रबुद्धदृशां पक्षे तत्प्रबोधाय केवलम् ।
वाच्यवाचकसंबन्धकृतो भेदः प्रकल्प्यते ॥ ४ ॥

aprabuddhadṛśāṃ pakṣe tatprabodhāya kevalam ,
vācyavācakasaṃbandhakṛto bhedaḥ prakalpyate 4

4. aprabuddhadṛśām pakṣe tatprabodhāya kevalam
vācyavācakasambandhakṛtaḥ bhedaḥ prakalpyate

4. aprabuddhadṛśām pakṣe kevalam tatprabodhāya
vācyavācakasambandhakṛtaḥ bhedaḥ prakalpyate

4. For those with unenlightened understanding, merely for their enlightenment (prabodha), a distinction is posited, which is created by the relationship between the denoted (vācya) and the denoter (vācaka).

4. מנקודת מבטם של אלה שראייתם אינה מוארת, וכדי לעורר אותם בלבד, נוצרת ההבחנה המדומה הנובעת מן היחס שבין המילה לבין הוראתה.

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रबुद्धदृशाम् (aprabuddhadṛśām) - of those with unenlightened vision, for those with unenlightened perception

• पक्षे (pakṣe) - in their case/view (the unenlightened) (in the case, in the view, in the side)

• तत्प्रबोधाय (tatprabodhāya) - for the enlightenment of those unenlightened (for their enlightenment, for awakening them)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, solely, exclusively

• वाच्यवाचकसम्बन्धकृतः (vācyavācakasambandhakṛtaḥ) - made by the relation of the denoted and the denoter

• भेदः (bhedaḥ) - distinction, difference, division

• प्रकल्प्यते (prakalpyate) - is posited (as real for teaching purposes) (is postulated, is imagined, is assumed, is established)

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रबुद्धदृशाम् (aprabuddhadṛśām) - of those with unenlightened vision, for those with unenlightened perception

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aprabuddhadṛś

aprabuddhadṛś - having unenlightened vision, whose sight is not awakened

Bahuvrihi compound: 'a' (negation) + 'prabuddha' (awakened) + 'dṛś' (sight/vision).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+prabuddha+dṛś)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• prabuddha – awakened, enlightened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pra' (forth) + √budh (to awaken, know).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)
• dṛś – sight, vision, eye
  noun (feminine)
  From √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the perspective of the unenlightened.

पक्षे (pakṣe) - in their case/view (the unenlightened) (in the case, in the view, in the side)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa

pakṣa - side, wing, party, opinion, view, case, doctrine

From √pac (to cook, ripen) or √pakṣ (to assume).

Note: Specifies the context or perspective.

तत्प्रबोधाय (tatprabodhāya) - for the enlightenment of those unenlightened (for their enlightenment, for awakening them)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tatprabodha

tatprabodha - their awakening, their enlightenment (prabodha)

Tatpurusha compound: 'tat' (their/that) + 'prabodha' (awakening/enlightenment).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tat+prabodha)

• tad – that, their (referring to the unenlightened)
  pronoun (neuter)
• prabodha – awakening, enlightenment, knowledge (prabodha)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pra' (forth) + √budh (to awaken, know).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

केवलम् (kevalam) - merely, solely, exclusively

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that the distinction is for this purpose only.

वाच्यवाचकसम्बन्धकृतः (vācyavācakasambandhakṛtaḥ) - made by the relation of the denoted and the denoter

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācyavācakasambandhakṛta

vācyavācakasambandhakṛta - caused by the relationship between the denoted (meaning) and the denoter (word)

Past Passive Participle

Tatpurusha compound: 'vācya' (denoted) + 'vācaka' (denoter) + 'sambandha' (relation) + 'kṛta' (made/caused).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vācya+vācaka+sambandha+kṛta)

• vācya – that which is to be spoken, expressed, denoted; the object of a word
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• vācaka – that which speaks, expresses, denotes; a word, a sign
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• sambandha – connection, relation, relationship
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' (together) + 'bandha' (binding).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 9)
• kṛta – made, done, caused
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective describing 'bhedaḥ'.

भेदः (bhedaḥ) - distinction, difference, division

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - distinction, difference, division, breaking, separation

From √bhid (to break, separate).

Root: bhid (class 7)

प्रकल्प्यते (prakalpyate) - is posited (as real for teaching purposes) (is postulated, is imagined, is assumed, is established)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of prakalp

Present Passive Indicative

From 'pra' (forth) + √kḷp (to be arranged, imagine). Here, passive.

Prefix: pra

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: ātmanepada ending for passive voice.

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