योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-100, verse-3

मनो रामाप्रबुद्धानां संसारभ्रमकारणम् ।
अपश्यतोऽम्बुसामान्यमन्यताम्बुतरङ्गयोः ॥ ३ ॥

mano rāmāprabuddhānāṃ saṃsārabhramakāraṇam ,
apaśyato'mbusāmānyamanyatāmbutaraṅgayoḥ 3

3. manaḥ rāma aprabuddhānām saṃsārabhramakāraṇam
apaśyataḥ ambusāmānyam anyatā ambutaraṅgayoḥ

3. rāma aprabuddhānām manaḥ saṃsārabhramakāraṇam
apaśyataḥ ambusāmānyam ambutaraṅgayoḥ anyatā

3. O Rāma, for the unenlightened, the mind (manas) is the cause of the illusion of `saṃsāra`. This is like someone who, not perceiving the commonality of water, sees a difference between water and waves.

Words meanings summery:

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• अप्रबुद्धानाम् (aprabuddhānām) - of the unenlightened, for the unawakened

• संसारभ्रमकारणम् (saṁsārabhramakāraṇam) - cause of the illusion of saṃsāra

• अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, of one who does not perceive

• अम्बुसामान्यम् (ambusāmānyam) - the commonness of water, the generality of water

• अन्यता (anyatā) - difference, otherness

• अम्बुतरङ्गयोः (ambutaraṅgayoḥ) - of water and waves, between water and waves

Words meanings and morphology

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, faculty of thought, heart

From √man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a prominent deity/prince in Hindu tradition)

From √ram (to delight, please).

Root: ram (class 1)

अप्रबुद्धानाम् (aprabuddhānām) - of the unenlightened, for the unawakened

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aprabuddha

aprabuddha - unawakened, unenlightened, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

From 'a' (negation) + 'pra' (forth) + √budh (to awaken, know).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prabuddha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• prabuddha – awakened, enlightened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'pra' (forth) + √budh (to awaken, know).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the group for whom the statement holds true.

संसारभ्रमकारणम् (saṁsārabhramakāraṇam) - cause of the illusion of saṃsāra

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsārabhramakāraṇa

saṁsārabhramakāraṇa - the cause of the illusion or wandering through saṃsāra

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (saṃsārabhrama+kāraṇa)

• saṃsārabhrama – the illusion of saṃsāra, wandering in saṃsāra
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound 'saṃsāra' (transmigration) + 'bhrama' (wandering/illusion).
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do, make) + 'ana' suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative to 'manaḥ'.

अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, of one who does not perceive

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unperceiving

Present Active Participle

From 'a' (negation) + √dṛś (to see), with 'paśya' stem.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• paśyat – seeing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person who fails to see the underlying unity.

अम्बुसामान्यम् (ambusāmānyam) - the commonness of water, the generality of water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ambusāmānya

ambusāmānya - the common nature of water, water's generality

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ambu+sāmānya)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• sāmānya – common, general, universal; generality
  noun (neuter)
  From 'samāna' (same) + 'ya' suffix.

Note: Object of the participle 'apaśyataḥ'.

अन्यता (anyatā) - difference, otherness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anyatā

anyatā - difference, distinctness, otherness

From 'anya' (other) + 'tā' (abstract suffix).

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is seen' or 'exists'.

अम्बुतरङ्गयोः (ambutaraṅgayoḥ) - of water and waves, between water and waves

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of ambutaraṅga

ambutaraṅga - water and waves

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : itaretara-dvandva (ambu+taraṅga)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• taraṅga – wave, ripple
  noun (masculine)
  From √tṛ (to cross).
  Root: tṛ (class 1)