योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-31

अथारभ्य स्वकात्तस्मात्क्रमात्कोशलमण्डलात् ।
स्नानदानतपोध्यानपूर्वकं स ददर्श ह ॥ ३१ ॥

athārabhya svakāttasmātkramātkośalamaṇḍalāt ,
snānadānatapodhyānapūrvakaṃ sa dadarśa ha 31

31. atha ārabhya svakāt tasmāt kramāt kośalamaṇḍalāt
snānadānatapodhyānapūrvakaṃ sa dadarśa ha

31. Then, starting from his own region of Kosala, he successively visited (various places), performing baths, acts of charity (dāna), austerities (tapas), and meditation (dhyāna) as preliminary rites.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• आरभ्य (ārabhya) - having begun, starting from

• स्वकात् (svakāt) - from his own

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

• क्रमात् (kramāt) - successively, in due course, gradually

• कोशलमण्डलात् (kośalamaṇḍalāt) - from the region of Kosala

• स्नानदानतपोध्यानपूर्वकं (snānadānatapodhyānapūrvakaṁ) - preceded by bathing, charity (dāna), asceticism (tapas), and meditation (dhyāna)

• स (sa) - he

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he visited

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting emphasis or past tense

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

Connective particle.

आरभ्य (ārabhya) - having begun, starting from

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From upasarga 'ā-' and root 'rabh' (to begin, undertake) with suffix 'lyap'.

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

स्वकात् (svakāt) - from his own

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svaka

svaka - own, belonging to oneself

Derived from 'sva' (self, own).

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies 'maṇḍalāt'.

क्रमात् (kramāt) - successively, in due course, gradually

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, sequence, order, course

From root 'kram' (to step, go).

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use.

कोशलमण्डलात् (kośalamaṇḍalāt) - from the region of Kosala

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kośalamaṇḍala

kośalamaṇḍala - the region/province of Kosala

Compound of 'kośala' (name of a kingdom) and 'maṇḍala' (region).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kośala+maṇḍala)

• kośala – Kosala (ancient kingdom)
  proper noun (neuter)
• maṇḍala – region, province, circle
  noun (neuter)

Note: Source from which actions begin.

स्नानदानतपोध्यानपूर्वकं (snānadānatapodhyānapūrvakaṁ) - preceded by bathing, charity (dāna), asceticism (tapas), and meditation (dhyāna)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of snānadānatapodhyānapūrvaka

snānadānatapodhyānapūrvaka - preceded by bathing, charity, asceticism, and meditation

Compound of 'snāna' (bathing), 'dāna' (giving), 'tapas' (asceticism), 'dhyāna' (meditation) + 'pūrvaka' (preceded by).

Compound type : tatpurusha (snāna+dāna+tapas+dhyāna+pūrvaka)

• snāna – bathing, ablution
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'snā' (to bathe).
  Root: snā (class 2)
• dāna – giving, charity, gift (dāna)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)
• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, suffer).
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation (dhyāna)
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dhyai' (to meditate).
  Root: dhyai (class 1)
• pūrvaka – preceded by, accompanied by, having as a cause
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'pūrva' (before, former).

Note: Adverbial use, qualifying the action of 'dadarśa'.

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he visited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dadarśa

Perfect

From root 'dṛś' (to see). Perfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting emphasis or past tense

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Previous Verse Next Verse