योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-11

वासना द्विविधा प्रोक्ता शुद्धा च मलिना तथा ।
मलिना जन्मनो हेतुः शुद्धा जन्मविनाशिनी ॥ ११ ॥

vāsanā dvividhā proktā śuddhā ca malinā tathā ,
malinā janmano hetuḥ śuddhā janmavināśinī 11

11. vāsanā dvividhā proktā śuddhā ca malinā tathā
malinā janmanaḥ hetuḥ śuddhā janmavināśinī

11. Latent desires (vāsanā) are said to be of two kinds: pure and impure. The impure (vāsanā) is the cause of rebirth, and the pure (vāsanā) is the destroyer of rebirth.

Words meanings summery:

• वासना (vāsanā) - latent desires (vāsanā) (latent impression, desire)

• द्विविधा (dvividhā) - of two kinds, two-fold, bipartite

• प्रोक्ता (proktā) - declared, said, proclaimed

• शुद्धा (śuddhā) - pure, clean, undefiled

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• मलिना (malinā) - impure, defiled, dirty, stained

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, also

• मलिना (malinā) - the impure latent desire (vāsanā) (the impure one)

• जन्मनः (janmanaḥ) - of rebirth (of birth, of origin)

• हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, motive

• शुद्धा (śuddhā) - the pure latent desire (vāsanā) (the pure one)

• जन्मविनाशिनी (janmavināśinī) - destroyer of rebirth (destroyer of birth, ending rebirth)

Words meanings and morphology

वासना (vāsanā) - latent desires (vāsanā) (latent impression, desire)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, subconscious tendency, desire, inclination

From root vas (to dwell) with suffix yuṭ.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject.

द्विविधा (dvividhā) - of two kinds, two-fold, bipartite

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dvividha

dvividha - of two kinds, two-fold, bipartite

From dvi (two) + vidha (kind, manner).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+vidha)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• vidha – kind, manner, sort
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vāsanā.

प्रोक्ता (proktā) - declared, said, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prokta

prokta - said, declared, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with prefix pra and suffix kta. vac becomes ukta in participle formation.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective.

शुद्धा (śuddhā) - pure, clean, undefiled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, undefiled, holy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śudh (to purify).

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Acts as part of an enumeration.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

मलिना (malinā) - impure, defiled, dirty, stained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of malina

malina - dirty, impure, defiled, stained

From mala (dirt, impurity).

Note: Acts as part of an enumeration.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts like another 'ca' or emphasizes the previous listing.

मलिना (malinā) - the impure latent desire (vāsanā) (the impure one)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of malina

malina - dirty, impure, defiled, stained

From mala (dirt, impurity).

Note: Subject of the second clause.

जन्मनः (janmanaḥ) - of rebirth (of birth, of origin)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, life, existence, rebirth

From root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Specifies what hetuḥ is the cause of.

हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, motive

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root hi (to send, to impel).

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Predicate nominative.

शुद्धा (śuddhā) - the pure latent desire (vāsanā) (the pure one)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, undefiled, holy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śudh (to purify).

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the second part of the verse.

जन्मविनाशिनी (janmavināśinī) - destroyer of rebirth (destroyer of birth, ending rebirth)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janmavināśin

janmavināśin - destroying birth, causing the end of rebirth

Agent Noun

Compound with janman (birth) and vināśin (destroyer). vināśin is from vi-naś (to perish) with suffix ṇini.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (janman+vināśin)

• janman – birth, origin, existence, rebirth
  noun (neuter)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vināśin – destroyer, perisher, causing ruin
  adjective (agent noun) (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root naś (to perish) with prefix vi and suffix ṇini.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective.