योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-10

अयं वासनया देहो ध्रियते भूतपञ्जरः ।
तनुनान्तर्निविष्टेन मुक्तौघस्तन्तुना यथा ॥ १० ॥

ayaṃ vāsanayā deho dhriyate bhūtapañjaraḥ ,
tanunāntarniviṣṭena muktaughastantunā yathā 10

10. ayam vāsanayā dehaḥ dhriyate bhūtapāñjaraḥ
tanunā antar-niviṣṭena muktaughaḥ tantunā yathā

10. This body, a cage of elements, is sustained by latent desires (vāsanā), just as a string of pearls (muktaugha) is held by a subtle thread (tantu) situated within.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• वासनया (vāsanayā) - by latent desires (vāsanā) (by latent impression, by desire)

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body, physical form

• ध्रियते (dhriyate) - is sustained (is held, is sustained, is borne, is supported)

• भूतपाञ्जरः (bhūtapāñjaraḥ) - cage of elements, body as a cage of elements

• तनुना (tanunā) - by a subtle (thread) (by a thin, by a subtle, by a slender)

• अन्तर्-निविष्टेन (antar-niviṣṭena) - by the inwardly situated (thread) (by that which is situated within, by the inwardly placed)

• मुक्तौघः (muktaughaḥ) - a string of pearls (muktaugha) (a multitude of pearls, a string of pearls)

• तन्तुना (tantunā) - by a thread (tantu) (by a thread, by a string)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to dehaḥ.

वासनया (vāsanayā) - by latent desires (vāsanā) (by latent impression, by desire)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, subconscious tendency, desire, inclination

From root vas (to dwell) with suffix yuṭ.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agent of passive verb dhriyate.

देहः (dehaḥ) - body, physical form

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form

From root dih (to smear, to plaster), hence 'that which is smeared or molded'.

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Subject of dhriyate.

ध्रियते (dhriyate) - is sustained (is held, is sustained, is borne, is supported)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dhṛ

Present Passive

From root dhṛ (to hold), present passive, 3rd person singular.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

भूतपाञ्जरः (bhūtapāñjaraḥ) - cage of elements, body as a cage of elements

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtapāñjara

bhūtapāñjara - cage of elements (body)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bhūta+pañjara)

• bhūta – element, being, past, existing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (when adjective)
  From root bhū (to be, to exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• pañjara – cage, skeleton, framework
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to dehaḥ.

तनुना (tanunā) - by a subtle (thread) (by a thin, by a subtle, by a slender)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tanu

tanu - thin, slender, subtle, delicate; body (as noun)

From root tan (to stretch).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Agrees with tantunā.

अन्तर्-निविष्टेन (antar-niviṣṭena) - by the inwardly situated (thread) (by that which is situated within, by the inwardly placed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of antar-niviṣṭa

antar-niviṣṭa - inwardly placed, situated within

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś (to enter) with prefixes antar and ni.

Prefixes: antar+ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with tantunā.

मुक्तौघः (muktaughaḥ) - a string of pearls (muktaugha) (a multitude of pearls, a string of pearls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muktaugha

muktaugha - flood/stream/multitude of pearls

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (muktā+ogha)

• muktā – pearl
  noun (feminine)
  From root muc (to release) - that which is released (from the oyster).
  Root: muc (class 6)
• ogha – flood, stream, multitude, heap, quantity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb (like is held).

तन्तुना (tantunā) - by a thread (tantu) (by a thread, by a string)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tantu

tantu - thread, string, cord

From root tan (to stretch).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Agent in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)