वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-31, verse-37

तत्र स्नात्वा च विधिवज्जप्त्वा जप्यमनुत्तमम् ।
नर्मदा सलिलात्तस्मादुत्ततार स रावणः ॥३७॥

37. tatra snātvā ca vidhivajjaptvā japyamanuttamam ,
narmadā salilāttasmāduttatāra sa rāvaṇaḥ.

37. tatra snātvā ca vidhivat japtvā japyām anuttamam
narmadā salilāt tasmāt uttatāra sa rāvaṇaḥ

37. There, having bathed and ritually chanted the supreme sacred mantra (japa), Rāvaṇa emerged from the waters of the Narmadā river.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that river (Narmadā) (there, in that place)

• स्नात्वा (snātvā) - after bathing (having bathed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - in a ritually correct manner (according to rule/ritual, properly)

• जप्त्वा (japtvā) - having performed the sacred chanting (japa) (having chanted, having muttered)

• जप्याम् (japyām) - the specific sacred recitation or mantra (that which is to be chanted, a sacred recitation (japa))

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - the highest and most excellent (chant) (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

• नर्मदा (narmadā) - the Narmadā river (Narmadā (name of a river))

• सलिलात् (salilāt) - from the waters (of the Narmadā) (from the water/waters)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from those (waters) (from that, from it)

• उत्ततार (uttatāra) - Rāvaṇa emerged (from the water) (he emerged, he ascended, he rose up)

• स (sa) - he (Rāvaṇa) (that, he)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - the king of rākṣasas, Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that river (Narmadā) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

स्नात्वा (snātvā) - after bathing (having bathed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root snā (class 2)

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Indicates a completed action preceding the main verb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - in a ritually correct manner (according to rule/ritual, properly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from vidhi (rule, ritual)

Note: Adverb modifying `japtvā`.

जप्त्वा (japtvā) - having performed the sacred chanting (japa) (having chanted, having muttered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of the root jap (class 1)

Root: jap (class 1)

Note: Indicates a completed action preceding the main verb.

जप्याम् (japyām) - the specific sacred recitation or mantra (that which is to be chanted, a sacred recitation (japa))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of japya

japya - to be muttered/chanted; a sacred recitation (japa)

Gerundive

Formed from root jap with suffix -ya (kṛtya)

Root: jap (class 1)

Note: Object of `japtvā`.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - the highest and most excellent (chant) (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, most excellent, supreme

Negative compound: na uttama (not best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective

Note: Qualifies `japyām`.

नर्मदा (narmadā) - the Narmadā river (Narmadā (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of narmadā

narmadā - Narmadā river (lit. 'giver of joy')

Note: Acts attributively before `salilāt`.

सलिलात् (salilāt) - from the waters (of the Narmadā) (from the water/waters)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water, fluid

Note: Indicates source or origin.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from those (waters) (from that, from it)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to `salilāt`.

उत्ततार (uttatāra) - Rāvaṇa emerged (from the water) (he emerged, he ascended, he rose up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ud-tṛ

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root tṛ (class 1) with upasarga ud (up, out)

Prefix: ud

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

स (sa) - he (Rāvaṇa) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to `rāvaṇaḥ`.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - the king of rākṣasas, Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, 'roaring')

Note: Subject of `uttatāra`.